diff --git a/src/libcmd/command.cc b/src/libcmd/command.cc
index 74d146c66..e0e5f0890 100644
--- a/src/libcmd/command.cc
+++ b/src/libcmd/command.cc
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ ref<EvalState> EvalCommand::getEvalState()
             #else
             std::make_shared<EvalState>(
             #endif
-                lookupPath, getEvalStore(), evalSettings, getStore())
+                lookupPath, getEvalStore(), fetchSettings, evalSettings, getStore())
             ;
 
         evalState->repair = repair;
diff --git a/src/libcmd/common-eval-args.cc b/src/libcmd/common-eval-args.cc
index 62745b681..470a25c4e 100644
--- a/src/libcmd/common-eval-args.cc
+++ b/src/libcmd/common-eval-args.cc
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "fetch-settings.hh"
 #include "eval-settings.hh"
 #include "common-eval-args.hh"
 #include "shared.hh"
@@ -7,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "fetchers.hh"
 #include "registry.hh"
 #include "flake/flakeref.hh"
+#include "flake/settings.hh"
 #include "store-api.hh"
 #include "command.hh"
 #include "tarball.hh"
@@ -16,6 +18,10 @@
 
 namespace nix {
 
+fetchers::Settings fetchSettings;
+
+static GlobalConfig::Register rFetchSettings(&fetchSettings);
+
 EvalSettings evalSettings {
     settings.readOnlyMode,
     {
@@ -24,7 +30,7 @@ EvalSettings evalSettings {
             [](ref<Store> store, std::string_view rest) {
                 experimentalFeatureSettings.require(Xp::Flakes);
                 // FIXME `parseFlakeRef` should take a `std::string_view`.
-                auto flakeRef = parseFlakeRef(std::string { rest }, {}, true, false);
+                auto flakeRef = parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, std::string { rest }, {}, true, false);
                 debug("fetching flake search path element '%s''", rest);
                 auto storePath = flakeRef.resolve(store).fetchTree(store).first;
                 return store->toRealPath(storePath);
@@ -35,6 +41,12 @@ EvalSettings evalSettings {
 
 static GlobalConfig::Register rEvalSettings(&evalSettings);
 
+
+flake::Settings flakeSettings;
+
+static GlobalConfig::Register rFlakeSettings(&flakeSettings);
+
+
 CompatibilitySettings compatibilitySettings {};
 
 static GlobalConfig::Register rCompatibilitySettings(&compatibilitySettings);
@@ -171,8 +183,8 @@ MixEvalArgs::MixEvalArgs()
         .category = category,
         .labels = {"original-ref", "resolved-ref"},
         .handler = {[&](std::string _from, std::string _to) {
-            auto from = parseFlakeRef(_from, absPath("."));
-            auto to = parseFlakeRef(_to, absPath("."));
+            auto from = parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, _from, absPath("."));
+            auto to = parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, _to, absPath("."));
             fetchers::Attrs extraAttrs;
             if (to.subdir != "") extraAttrs["dir"] = to.subdir;
             fetchers::overrideRegistry(from.input, to.input, extraAttrs);
@@ -230,7 +242,7 @@ SourcePath lookupFileArg(EvalState & state, std::string_view s, const Path * bas
 
     else if (hasPrefix(s, "flake:")) {
         experimentalFeatureSettings.require(Xp::Flakes);
-        auto flakeRef = parseFlakeRef(std::string(s.substr(6)), {}, true, false);
+        auto flakeRef = parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, std::string(s.substr(6)), {}, true, false);
         auto storePath = flakeRef.resolve(state.store).fetchTree(state.store).first;
         return state.rootPath(CanonPath(state.store->toRealPath(storePath)));
     }
diff --git a/src/libcmd/common-eval-args.hh b/src/libcmd/common-eval-args.hh
index 8d303ee7c..c62365b32 100644
--- a/src/libcmd/common-eval-args.hh
+++ b/src/libcmd/common-eval-args.hh
@@ -11,17 +11,32 @@
 namespace nix {
 
 class Store;
+
+namespace fetchers { struct Settings; }
+
 class EvalState;
 struct EvalSettings;
 struct CompatibilitySettings;
 class Bindings;
 struct SourcePath;
 
+namespace flake { struct Settings; }
+
+/**
+ * @todo Get rid of global setttings variables
+ */
+extern fetchers::Settings fetchSettings;
+
 /**
  * @todo Get rid of global setttings variables
  */
 extern EvalSettings evalSettings;
 
+/**
+ * @todo Get rid of global setttings variables
+ */
+extern flake::Settings flakeSettings;
+
 /**
  * Settings that control behaviors that have changed since Nix 2.3.
  */
diff --git a/src/libcmd/installable-flake.cc b/src/libcmd/installable-flake.cc
index 899919550..8796ad5ba 100644
--- a/src/libcmd/installable-flake.cc
+++ b/src/libcmd/installable-flake.cc
@@ -196,7 +196,8 @@ std::shared_ptr<flake::LockedFlake> InstallableFlake::getLockedFlake() const
         flake::LockFlags lockFlagsApplyConfig = lockFlags;
         // FIXME why this side effect?
         lockFlagsApplyConfig.applyNixConfig = true;
-        _lockedFlake = std::make_shared<flake::LockedFlake>(lockFlake(*state, flakeRef, lockFlagsApplyConfig));
+        _lockedFlake = std::make_shared<flake::LockedFlake>(lockFlake(
+            flakeSettings, *state, flakeRef, lockFlagsApplyConfig));
     }
     return _lockedFlake;
 }
diff --git a/src/libcmd/installable-flake.hh b/src/libcmd/installable-flake.hh
index 30240a35a..8e0a232ef 100644
--- a/src/libcmd/installable-flake.hh
+++ b/src/libcmd/installable-flake.hh
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 ///@file
 
+#include "common-eval-args.hh"
 #include "installable-value.hh"
 
 namespace nix {
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ struct InstallableFlake : InstallableValue
  */
 static inline FlakeRef defaultNixpkgsFlakeRef()
 {
-    return FlakeRef::fromAttrs({{"type","indirect"}, {"id", "nixpkgs"}});
+    return FlakeRef::fromAttrs(fetchSettings, {{"type","indirect"}, {"id", "nixpkgs"}});
 }
 
 ref<eval_cache::EvalCache> openEvalCache(
diff --git a/src/libcmd/installables.cc b/src/libcmd/installables.cc
index 0c9e69fe8..417e15094 100644
--- a/src/libcmd/installables.cc
+++ b/src/libcmd/installables.cc
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ MixFlakeOptions::MixFlakeOptions()
             lockFlags.writeLockFile = false;
             lockFlags.inputOverrides.insert_or_assign(
                 flake::parseInputPath(inputPath),
-                parseFlakeRef(flakeRef, absPath(getCommandBaseDir()), true));
+                parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, flakeRef, absPath(getCommandBaseDir()), true));
         }},
         .completer = {[&](AddCompletions & completions, size_t n, std::string_view prefix) {
             if (n == 0) {
@@ -170,14 +170,15 @@ MixFlakeOptions::MixFlakeOptions()
         .handler = {[&](std::string flakeRef) {
             auto evalState = getEvalState();
             auto flake = flake::lockFlake(
+                flakeSettings,
                 *evalState,
-                parseFlakeRef(flakeRef, absPath(getCommandBaseDir())),
+                parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, flakeRef, absPath(getCommandBaseDir())),
                 { .writeLockFile = false });
             for (auto & [inputName, input] : flake.lockFile.root->inputs) {
                 auto input2 = flake.lockFile.findInput({inputName}); // resolve 'follows' nodes
                 if (auto input3 = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const flake::LockedNode>(input2)) {
                     overrideRegistry(
-                        fetchers::Input::fromAttrs({{"type","indirect"}, {"id", inputName}}),
+                        fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(fetchSettings, {{"type","indirect"}, {"id", inputName}}),
                         input3->lockedRef.input,
                         {});
                 }
@@ -338,10 +339,11 @@ void completeFlakeRefWithFragment(
             auto flakeRefS = std::string(prefix.substr(0, hash));
 
             // TODO: ideally this would use the command base directory instead of assuming ".".
-            auto flakeRef = parseFlakeRef(expandTilde(flakeRefS), absPath("."));
+            auto flakeRef = parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, expandTilde(flakeRefS), absPath("."));
 
             auto evalCache = openEvalCache(*evalState,
-                std::make_shared<flake::LockedFlake>(lockFlake(*evalState, flakeRef, lockFlags)));
+                std::make_shared<flake::LockedFlake>(lockFlake(
+                    flakeSettings, *evalState, flakeRef, lockFlags)));
 
             auto root = evalCache->getRoot();
 
@@ -403,7 +405,7 @@ void completeFlakeRef(AddCompletions & completions, ref<Store> store, std::strin
     Args::completeDir(completions, 0, prefix);
 
     /* Look for registry entries that match the prefix. */
-    for (auto & registry : fetchers::getRegistries(store)) {
+    for (auto & registry : fetchers::getRegistries(fetchSettings, store)) {
         for (auto & entry : registry->entries) {
             auto from = entry.from.to_string();
             if (!hasPrefix(prefix, "flake:") && hasPrefix(from, "flake:")) {
@@ -534,7 +536,8 @@ Installables SourceExprCommand::parseInstallables(
             }
 
             try {
-                auto [flakeRef, fragment] = parseFlakeRefWithFragment(std::string { prefix }, absPath(getCommandBaseDir()));
+                auto [flakeRef, fragment] = parseFlakeRefWithFragment(
+                    fetchSettings, std::string { prefix }, absPath(getCommandBaseDir()));
                 result.push_back(make_ref<InstallableFlake>(
                         this,
                         getEvalState(),
@@ -851,6 +854,7 @@ std::vector<FlakeRef> RawInstallablesCommand::getFlakeRefsForCompletion()
     std::vector<FlakeRef> res;
     for (auto i : rawInstallables)
         res.push_back(parseFlakeRefWithFragment(
+            fetchSettings,
             expandTilde(i),
             absPath(getCommandBaseDir())).first);
     return res;
@@ -873,6 +877,7 @@ std::vector<FlakeRef> InstallableCommand::getFlakeRefsForCompletion()
 {
     return {
         parseFlakeRefWithFragment(
+            fetchSettings,
             expandTilde(_installable),
             absPath(getCommandBaseDir())).first
     };
diff --git a/src/libcmd/repl.cc b/src/libcmd/repl.cc
index ce1c5af69..661785335 100644
--- a/src/libcmd/repl.cc
+++ b/src/libcmd/repl.cc
@@ -690,14 +690,14 @@ void NixRepl::loadFlake(const std::string & flakeRefS)
     if (flakeRefS.empty())
         throw Error("cannot use ':load-flake' without a path specified. (Use '.' for the current working directory.)");
 
-    auto flakeRef = parseFlakeRef(flakeRefS, absPath("."), true);
+    auto flakeRef = parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, flakeRefS, absPath("."), true);
     if (evalSettings.pureEval && !flakeRef.input.isLocked())
         throw Error("cannot use ':load-flake' on locked flake reference '%s' (use --impure to override)", flakeRefS);
 
     Value v;
 
     flake::callFlake(*state,
-        flake::lockFlake(*state, flakeRef,
+        flake::lockFlake(flakeSettings, *state, flakeRef,
             flake::LockFlags {
                 .updateLockFile = false,
                 .useRegistries = !evalSettings.pureEval,
diff --git a/src/libexpr-c/local.mk b/src/libexpr-c/local.mk
index 51b02562e..227a4095b 100644
--- a/src/libexpr-c/local.mk
+++ b/src/libexpr-c/local.mk
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ libexprc_CXXFLAGS += $(INCLUDE_libutil) $(INCLUDE_libutilc) \
                      $(INCLUDE_libstore) $(INCLUDE_libstorec) \
                      $(INCLUDE_libexpr) $(INCLUDE_libexprc)
 
-libexprc_LIBS = libutil libutilc libstore libstorec libexpr
+libexprc_LIBS = libutil libutilc libstore libstorec libfetchers libexpr
 
 libexprc_LDFLAGS += $(THREAD_LDFLAGS)
 
diff --git a/src/libexpr-c/nix_api_expr.cc b/src/libexpr-c/nix_api_expr.cc
index 13e0f5f3a..34e9b2744 100644
--- a/src/libexpr-c/nix_api_expr.cc
+++ b/src/libexpr-c/nix_api_expr.cc
@@ -112,12 +112,14 @@ EvalState * nix_state_create(nix_c_context * context, const char ** lookupPath_c
             static_cast<std::align_val_t>(alignof(EvalState)));
         auto * p2 = static_cast<EvalState *>(p);
         new (p) EvalState {
+            .fetchSettings = nix::fetchers::Settings{},
             .settings = nix::EvalSettings{
                 nix::settings.readOnlyMode,
             },
             .state = nix::EvalState(
                 nix::LookupPath::parse(lookupPath),
                 store->ptr,
+                p2->fetchSettings,
                 p2->settings),
         };
         loadConfFile(p2->settings);
diff --git a/src/libexpr-c/nix_api_expr_internal.h b/src/libexpr-c/nix_api_expr_internal.h
index d4ccffd29..12f24b6eb 100644
--- a/src/libexpr-c/nix_api_expr_internal.h
+++ b/src/libexpr-c/nix_api_expr_internal.h
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef NIX_API_EXPR_INTERNAL_H
 #define NIX_API_EXPR_INTERNAL_H
 
+#include "fetch-settings.hh"
 #include "eval.hh"
 #include "eval-settings.hh"
 #include "attr-set.hh"
@@ -8,6 +9,7 @@
 
 struct EvalState
 {
+    nix::fetchers::Settings fetchSettings;
     nix::EvalSettings settings;
     nix::EvalState state;
 };
diff --git a/src/libexpr/eval-settings.cc b/src/libexpr/eval-settings.cc
index 6b7b52cef..e2151aa7f 100644
--- a/src/libexpr/eval-settings.cc
+++ b/src/libexpr/eval-settings.cc
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #include "users.hh"
-#include "config-global.hh"
 #include "globals.hh"
 #include "profiles.hh"
 #include "eval.hh"
diff --git a/src/libexpr/eval.cc b/src/libexpr/eval.cc
index efca9dd2f..9eb3d972c 100644
--- a/src/libexpr/eval.cc
+++ b/src/libexpr/eval.cc
@@ -217,9 +217,11 @@ static constexpr size_t BASE_ENV_SIZE = 128;
 EvalState::EvalState(
     const LookupPath & _lookupPath,
     ref<Store> store,
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
     const EvalSettings & settings,
     std::shared_ptr<Store> buildStore)
-    : settings{settings}
+    : fetchSettings{fetchSettings}
+    , settings{settings}
     , sWith(symbols.create("<with>"))
     , sOutPath(symbols.create("outPath"))
     , sDrvPath(symbols.create("drvPath"))
diff --git a/src/libexpr/eval.hh b/src/libexpr/eval.hh
index e45358055..5df3e92be 100644
--- a/src/libexpr/eval.hh
+++ b/src/libexpr/eval.hh
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ namespace nix {
 constexpr size_t maxPrimOpArity = 8;
 
 class Store;
+namespace fetchers { struct Settings; }
 struct EvalSettings;
 class EvalState;
 class StorePath;
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ namespace eval_cache {
 /**
  * Function that implements a primop.
  */
-typedef void (* PrimOpFun) (EvalState & state, const PosIdx pos, Value * * args, Value & v);
+using PrimOpFun = void(EvalState & state, const PosIdx pos, Value * * args, Value & v);
 
 /**
  * Info about a primitive operation, and its implementation
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ struct PrimOp
     /**
      * Implementation of the primop.
      */
-    std::function<std::remove_pointer<PrimOpFun>::type> fun;
+    std::function<PrimOpFun> fun;
 
     /**
      * Optional experimental for this to be gated on.
@@ -162,6 +163,7 @@ struct DebugTrace {
 class EvalState : public std::enable_shared_from_this<EvalState>
 {
 public:
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings;
     const EvalSettings & settings;
     SymbolTable symbols;
     PosTable positions;
@@ -353,6 +355,7 @@ public:
     EvalState(
         const LookupPath & _lookupPath,
         ref<Store> store,
+        const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
         const EvalSettings & settings,
         std::shared_ptr<Store> buildStore = nullptr);
     ~EvalState();
diff --git a/src/libexpr/primops/fetchMercurial.cc b/src/libexpr/primops/fetchMercurial.cc
index 7b5f4193a..64e3abf2d 100644
--- a/src/libexpr/primops/fetchMercurial.cc
+++ b/src/libexpr/primops/fetchMercurial.cc
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ static void prim_fetchMercurial(EvalState & state, const PosIdx pos, Value * * a
     attrs.insert_or_assign("name", std::string(name));
     if (ref) attrs.insert_or_assign("ref", *ref);
     if (rev) attrs.insert_or_assign("rev", rev->gitRev());
-    auto input = fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(std::move(attrs));
+    auto input = fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(state.fetchSettings, std::move(attrs));
 
     auto [storePath, input2] = input.fetchToStore(state.store);
 
diff --git a/src/libexpr/primops/fetchTree.cc b/src/libexpr/primops/fetchTree.cc
index 567b73f9a..6a7accad7 100644
--- a/src/libexpr/primops/fetchTree.cc
+++ b/src/libexpr/primops/fetchTree.cc
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ static void fetchTree(
     Value & v,
     const FetchTreeParams & params = FetchTreeParams{}
 ) {
-    fetchers::Input input;
+    fetchers::Input input { state.fetchSettings };
     NixStringContext context;
     std::optional<std::string> type;
     if (params.isFetchGit) type = "git";
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ static void fetchTree(
                     "attribute 'name' isn’t supported in call to 'fetchTree'"
                 ).atPos(pos).debugThrow();
 
-        input = fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(std::move(attrs));
+        input = fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(state.fetchSettings, std::move(attrs));
     } else {
         auto url = state.coerceToString(pos, *args[0], context,
                 "while evaluating the first argument passed to the fetcher",
@@ -161,13 +161,13 @@ static void fetchTree(
             if (!attrs.contains("exportIgnore") && (!attrs.contains("submodules") || !*fetchers::maybeGetBoolAttr(attrs, "submodules"))) {
                 attrs.emplace("exportIgnore", Explicit<bool>{true});
             }
-            input = fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(std::move(attrs));
+            input = fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(state.fetchSettings, std::move(attrs));
         } else {
             if (!experimentalFeatureSettings.isEnabled(Xp::Flakes))
                 state.error<EvalError>(
                     "passing a string argument to 'fetchTree' requires the 'flakes' experimental feature"
                 ).atPos(pos).debugThrow();
-            input = fetchers::Input::fromURL(url);
+            input = fetchers::Input::fromURL(state.fetchSettings, url);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/libfetchers/fetch-settings.cc b/src/libfetchers/fetch-settings.cc
index 21c42567c..c7ed4c7af 100644
--- a/src/libfetchers/fetch-settings.cc
+++ b/src/libfetchers/fetch-settings.cc
@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 #include "fetch-settings.hh"
-#include "config-global.hh"
 
-namespace nix {
+namespace nix::fetchers {
 
-FetchSettings::FetchSettings()
+Settings::Settings()
 {
 }
 
-FetchSettings fetchSettings;
-
-static GlobalConfig::Register rFetchSettings(&fetchSettings);
-
 }
diff --git a/src/libfetchers/fetch-settings.hh b/src/libfetchers/fetch-settings.hh
index 629967697..f7cb34a02 100644
--- a/src/libfetchers/fetch-settings.hh
+++ b/src/libfetchers/fetch-settings.hh
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@
 
 #include <sys/types.h>
 
-namespace nix {
+namespace nix::fetchers {
 
-struct FetchSettings : public Config
+struct Settings : public Config
 {
-    FetchSettings();
+    Settings();
 
     Setting<StringMap> accessTokens{this, {}, "access-tokens",
         R"(
@@ -84,9 +84,14 @@ struct FetchSettings : public Config
           `narHash` attribute is specified,
           e.g. `github:NixOS/patchelf/7c2f768bf9601268a4e71c2ebe91e2011918a70f?narHash=sha256-PPXqKY2hJng4DBVE0I4xshv/vGLUskL7jl53roB8UdU%3D`.
         )"};
+
+    Setting<std::string> flakeRegistry{this, "https://channels.nixos.org/flake-registry.json", "flake-registry",
+        R"(
+          Path or URI of the global flake registry.
+
+          When empty, disables the global flake registry.
+        )",
+        {}, true, Xp::Flakes};
 };
 
-// FIXME: don't use a global variable.
-extern FetchSettings fetchSettings;
-
 }
diff --git a/src/libfetchers/fetchers.cc b/src/libfetchers/fetchers.cc
index 294960678..59e77621c 100644
--- a/src/libfetchers/fetchers.cc
+++ b/src/libfetchers/fetchers.cc
@@ -35,9 +35,11 @@ nlohmann::json dumpRegisterInputSchemeInfo() {
     return res;
 }
 
-Input Input::fromURL(const std::string & url, bool requireTree)
+Input Input::fromURL(
+    const Settings & settings,
+    const std::string & url, bool requireTree)
 {
-    return fromURL(parseURL(url), requireTree);
+    return fromURL(settings, parseURL(url), requireTree);
 }
 
 static void fixupInput(Input & input)
@@ -49,10 +51,12 @@ static void fixupInput(Input & input)
     input.getLastModified();
 }
 
-Input Input::fromURL(const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree)
+Input Input::fromURL(
+    const Settings & settings,
+    const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree)
 {
     for (auto & [_, inputScheme] : *inputSchemes) {
-        auto res = inputScheme->inputFromURL(url, requireTree);
+        auto res = inputScheme->inputFromURL(settings, url, requireTree);
         if (res) {
             experimentalFeatureSettings.require(inputScheme->experimentalFeature());
             res->scheme = inputScheme;
@@ -64,7 +68,7 @@ Input Input::fromURL(const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree)
     throw Error("input '%s' is unsupported", url.url);
 }
 
-Input Input::fromAttrs(Attrs && attrs)
+Input Input::fromAttrs(const Settings & settings, Attrs && attrs)
 {
     auto schemeName = ({
         auto schemeNameOpt = maybeGetStrAttr(attrs, "type");
@@ -78,7 +82,7 @@ Input Input::fromAttrs(Attrs && attrs)
         // but not all of them. Doing this is to support those other
         // operations which are supposed to be robust on
         // unknown/uninterpretable inputs.
-        Input input;
+        Input input { settings };
         input.attrs = attrs;
         fixupInput(input);
         return input;
@@ -99,7 +103,7 @@ Input Input::fromAttrs(Attrs && attrs)
         if (name != "type" && allowedAttrs.count(name) == 0)
             throw Error("input attribute '%s' not supported by scheme '%s'", name, schemeName);
 
-    auto res = inputScheme->inputFromAttrs(attrs);
+    auto res = inputScheme->inputFromAttrs(settings, attrs);
     if (!res) return raw();
     res->scheme = inputScheme;
     fixupInput(*res);
diff --git a/src/libfetchers/fetchers.hh b/src/libfetchers/fetchers.hh
index 551be9a1f..34d3bafac 100644
--- a/src/libfetchers/fetchers.hh
+++ b/src/libfetchers/fetchers.hh
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ namespace nix::fetchers {
 
 struct InputScheme;
 
+struct Settings;
+
 /**
  * The `Input` object is generated by a specific fetcher, based on
  * user-supplied information, and contains
@@ -28,6 +30,12 @@ struct Input
 {
     friend struct InputScheme;
 
+    const Settings * settings;
+
+    Input(const Settings & settings)
+        : settings{&settings}
+    { }
+
     std::shared_ptr<InputScheme> scheme; // note: can be null
     Attrs attrs;
 
@@ -42,16 +50,22 @@ public:
      *
      * The URL indicate which sort of fetcher, and provides information to that fetcher.
      */
-    static Input fromURL(const std::string & url, bool requireTree = true);
+    static Input fromURL(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const std::string & url, bool requireTree = true);
 
-    static Input fromURL(const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree = true);
+    static Input fromURL(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree = true);
 
     /**
      * Create an `Input` from a an `Attrs`.
      *
      * The URL indicate which sort of fetcher, and provides information to that fetcher.
      */
-    static Input fromAttrs(Attrs && attrs);
+    static Input fromAttrs(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        Attrs && attrs);
 
     ParsedURL toURL() const;
 
@@ -146,9 +160,13 @@ struct InputScheme
     virtual ~InputScheme()
     { }
 
-    virtual std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree) const = 0;
+    virtual std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree) const = 0;
 
-    virtual std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(const Attrs & attrs) const = 0;
+    virtual std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const Attrs & attrs) const = 0;
 
     /**
      * What is the name of the scheme?
diff --git a/src/libfetchers/git.cc b/src/libfetchers/git.cc
index 184c1383e..076c757c5 100644
--- a/src/libfetchers/git.cc
+++ b/src/libfetchers/git.cc
@@ -164,7 +164,9 @@ static const Hash nullRev{HashAlgorithm::SHA1};
 
 struct GitInputScheme : InputScheme
 {
-    std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree) const override
+    std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree) const override
     {
         if (url.scheme != "git" &&
             url.scheme != "git+http" &&
@@ -190,7 +192,7 @@ struct GitInputScheme : InputScheme
 
         attrs.emplace("url", url2.to_string());
 
-        return inputFromAttrs(attrs);
+        return inputFromAttrs(settings, attrs);
     }
 
 
@@ -222,7 +224,9 @@ struct GitInputScheme : InputScheme
         };
     }
 
-    std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(const Attrs & attrs) const override
+    std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const Attrs & attrs) const override
     {
         for (auto & [name, _] : attrs)
             if (name == "verifyCommit"
@@ -238,7 +242,7 @@ struct GitInputScheme : InputScheme
                 throw BadURL("invalid Git branch/tag name '%s'", *ref);
         }
 
-        Input input;
+        Input input{settings};
         input.attrs = attrs;
         auto url = fixGitURL(getStrAttr(attrs, "url"));
         parseURL(url);
@@ -366,13 +370,13 @@ struct GitInputScheme : InputScheme
         /* URL of the repo, or its path if isLocal. Never a `file` URL. */
         std::string url;
 
-        void warnDirty() const
+        void warnDirty(const Settings & settings) const
         {
             if (workdirInfo.isDirty) {
-                if (!fetchSettings.allowDirty)
+                if (!settings.allowDirty)
                     throw Error("Git tree '%s' is dirty", url);
 
-                if (fetchSettings.warnDirty)
+                if (settings.warnDirty)
                     warn("Git tree '%s' is dirty", url);
             }
         }
@@ -653,7 +657,7 @@ struct GitInputScheme : InputScheme
                 attrs.insert_or_assign("exportIgnore", Explicit<bool>{ exportIgnore });
                 attrs.insert_or_assign("submodules", Explicit<bool>{ true });
                 attrs.insert_or_assign("allRefs", Explicit<bool>{ true });
-                auto submoduleInput = fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(std::move(attrs));
+                auto submoduleInput = fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(*input.settings, std::move(attrs));
                 auto [submoduleAccessor, submoduleInput2] =
                     submoduleInput.getAccessor(store);
                 submoduleAccessor->setPathDisplay("«" + submoduleInput.to_string() + "»");
@@ -711,7 +715,7 @@ struct GitInputScheme : InputScheme
                 // TODO: fall back to getAccessorFromCommit-like fetch when submodules aren't checked out
                 // attrs.insert_or_assign("allRefs", Explicit<bool>{ true });
 
-                auto submoduleInput = fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(std::move(attrs));
+                auto submoduleInput = fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(*input.settings, std::move(attrs));
                 auto [submoduleAccessor, submoduleInput2] =
                     submoduleInput.getAccessor(store);
                 submoduleAccessor->setPathDisplay("«" + submoduleInput.to_string() + "»");
@@ -743,7 +747,7 @@ struct GitInputScheme : InputScheme
 
             verifyCommit(input, repo);
         } else {
-            repoInfo.warnDirty();
+            repoInfo.warnDirty(*input.settings);
 
             if (repoInfo.workdirInfo.headRev) {
                 input.attrs.insert_or_assign("dirtyRev",
diff --git a/src/libfetchers/github.cc b/src/libfetchers/github.cc
index ddb41e63f..2968d2df2 100644
--- a/src/libfetchers/github.cc
+++ b/src/libfetchers/github.cc
@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ struct GitArchiveInputScheme : InputScheme
 {
     virtual std::optional<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> accessHeaderFromToken(const std::string & token) const = 0;
 
-    std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree) const override
+    std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(
+        const fetchers::Settings & settings,
+        const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree) const override
     {
         if (url.scheme != schemeName()) return {};
 
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ struct GitArchiveInputScheme : InputScheme
         if (ref && rev)
             throw BadURL("URL '%s' contains both a commit hash and a branch/tag name %s %s", url.url, *ref, rev->gitRev());
 
-        Input input;
+        Input input{settings};
         input.attrs.insert_or_assign("type", std::string { schemeName() });
         input.attrs.insert_or_assign("owner", path[0]);
         input.attrs.insert_or_assign("repo", path[1]);
@@ -119,12 +121,14 @@ struct GitArchiveInputScheme : InputScheme
         };
     }
 
-    std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(const Attrs & attrs) const override
+    std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(
+        const fetchers::Settings & settings,
+        const Attrs & attrs) const override
     {
         getStrAttr(attrs, "owner");
         getStrAttr(attrs, "repo");
 
-        Input input;
+        Input input{settings};
         input.attrs = attrs;
         return input;
     }
@@ -168,18 +172,20 @@ struct GitArchiveInputScheme : InputScheme
         return input;
     }
 
-    std::optional<std::string> getAccessToken(const std::string & host) const
+    std::optional<std::string> getAccessToken(const fetchers::Settings & settings, const std::string & host) const
     {
-        auto tokens = fetchSettings.accessTokens.get();
+        auto tokens = settings.accessTokens.get();
         if (auto token = get(tokens, host))
             return *token;
         return {};
     }
 
-    Headers makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(const std::string & host) const
+    Headers makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(
+        const fetchers::Settings & settings,
+        const std::string & host) const
     {
         Headers headers;
-        auto accessToken = getAccessToken(host);
+        auto accessToken = getAccessToken(settings, host);
         if (accessToken) {
             auto hdr = accessHeaderFromToken(*accessToken);
             if (hdr)
@@ -295,7 +301,7 @@ struct GitArchiveInputScheme : InputScheme
            locking. FIXME: in the future, we may want to require a Git
            tree hash instead of a NAR hash. */
         return input.getRev().has_value()
-            && (fetchSettings.trustTarballsFromGitForges ||
+            && (input.settings->trustTarballsFromGitForges ||
                 input.getNarHash().has_value());
     }
 
@@ -352,7 +358,7 @@ struct GitHubInputScheme : GitArchiveInputScheme
             : "https://%s/api/v3/repos/%s/%s/commits/%s",
             host, getOwner(input), getRepo(input), *input.getRef());
 
-        Headers headers = makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(host);
+        Headers headers = makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(*input.settings, host);
 
         auto json = nlohmann::json::parse(
             readFile(
@@ -369,7 +375,7 @@ struct GitHubInputScheme : GitArchiveInputScheme
     {
         auto host = getHost(input);
 
-        Headers headers = makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(host);
+        Headers headers = makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(*input.settings, host);
 
         // If we have no auth headers then we default to the public archive
         // urls so we do not run into rate limits.
@@ -389,7 +395,7 @@ struct GitHubInputScheme : GitArchiveInputScheme
     void clone(const Input & input, const Path & destDir) const override
     {
         auto host = getHost(input);
-        Input::fromURL(fmt("git+https://%s/%s/%s.git",
+        Input::fromURL(*input.settings, fmt("git+https://%s/%s/%s.git",
                 host, getOwner(input), getRepo(input)))
             .applyOverrides(input.getRef(), input.getRev())
             .clone(destDir);
@@ -426,7 +432,7 @@ struct GitLabInputScheme : GitArchiveInputScheme
         auto url = fmt("https://%s/api/v4/projects/%s%%2F%s/repository/commits?ref_name=%s",
             host, getStrAttr(input.attrs, "owner"), getStrAttr(input.attrs, "repo"), *input.getRef());
 
-        Headers headers = makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(host);
+        Headers headers = makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(*input.settings, host);
 
         auto json = nlohmann::json::parse(
             readFile(
@@ -456,7 +462,7 @@ struct GitLabInputScheme : GitArchiveInputScheme
             host, getStrAttr(input.attrs, "owner"), getStrAttr(input.attrs, "repo"),
             input.getRev()->to_string(HashFormat::Base16, false));
 
-        Headers headers = makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(host);
+        Headers headers = makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(*input.settings, host);
         return DownloadUrl { url, headers };
     }
 
@@ -464,7 +470,7 @@ struct GitLabInputScheme : GitArchiveInputScheme
     {
         auto host = maybeGetStrAttr(input.attrs, "host").value_or("gitlab.com");
         // FIXME: get username somewhere
-        Input::fromURL(fmt("git+https://%s/%s/%s.git",
+        Input::fromURL(*input.settings, fmt("git+https://%s/%s/%s.git",
                 host, getStrAttr(input.attrs, "owner"), getStrAttr(input.attrs, "repo")))
             .applyOverrides(input.getRef(), input.getRev())
             .clone(destDir);
@@ -496,7 +502,7 @@ struct SourceHutInputScheme : GitArchiveInputScheme
         auto base_url = fmt("https://%s/%s/%s",
             host, getStrAttr(input.attrs, "owner"), getStrAttr(input.attrs, "repo"));
 
-        Headers headers = makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(host);
+        Headers headers = makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(*input.settings, host);
 
         std::string refUri;
         if (ref == "HEAD") {
@@ -543,14 +549,14 @@ struct SourceHutInputScheme : GitArchiveInputScheme
             host, getStrAttr(input.attrs, "owner"), getStrAttr(input.attrs, "repo"),
             input.getRev()->to_string(HashFormat::Base16, false));
 
-        Headers headers = makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(host);
+        Headers headers = makeHeadersWithAuthTokens(*input.settings, host);
         return DownloadUrl { url, headers };
     }
 
     void clone(const Input & input, const Path & destDir) const override
     {
         auto host = maybeGetStrAttr(input.attrs, "host").value_or("git.sr.ht");
-        Input::fromURL(fmt("git+https://%s/%s/%s",
+        Input::fromURL(*input.settings, fmt("git+https://%s/%s/%s",
                 host, getStrAttr(input.attrs, "owner"), getStrAttr(input.attrs, "repo")))
             .applyOverrides(input.getRef(), input.getRev())
             .clone(destDir);
diff --git a/src/libfetchers/indirect.cc b/src/libfetchers/indirect.cc
index ba5078631..2e5cd82c7 100644
--- a/src/libfetchers/indirect.cc
+++ b/src/libfetchers/indirect.cc
@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ std::regex flakeRegex("[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*", std::regex::ECMAScript);
 
 struct IndirectInputScheme : InputScheme
 {
-    std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree) const override
+    std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree) const override
     {
         if (url.scheme != "flake") return {};
 
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ struct IndirectInputScheme : InputScheme
 
         // FIXME: forbid query params?
 
-        Input input;
+        Input input{settings};
         input.attrs.insert_or_assign("type", "indirect");
         input.attrs.insert_or_assign("id", id);
         if (rev) input.attrs.insert_or_assign("rev", rev->gitRev());
@@ -65,13 +67,15 @@ struct IndirectInputScheme : InputScheme
         };
     }
 
-    std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(const Attrs & attrs) const override
+    std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const Attrs & attrs) const override
     {
         auto id = getStrAttr(attrs, "id");
         if (!std::regex_match(id, flakeRegex))
             throw BadURL("'%s' is not a valid flake ID", id);
 
-        Input input;
+        Input input{settings};
         input.attrs = attrs;
         return input;
     }
diff --git a/src/libfetchers/mercurial.cc b/src/libfetchers/mercurial.cc
index 198795caa..3feb3cb19 100644
--- a/src/libfetchers/mercurial.cc
+++ b/src/libfetchers/mercurial.cc
@@ -45,7 +45,9 @@ static std::string runHg(const Strings & args, const std::optional<std::string>
 
 struct MercurialInputScheme : InputScheme
 {
-    std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree) const override
+    std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree) const override
     {
         if (url.scheme != "hg+http" &&
             url.scheme != "hg+https" &&
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ struct MercurialInputScheme : InputScheme
 
         attrs.emplace("url", url2.to_string());
 
-        return inputFromAttrs(attrs);
+        return inputFromAttrs(settings, attrs);
     }
 
     std::string_view schemeName() const override
@@ -88,7 +90,9 @@ struct MercurialInputScheme : InputScheme
         };
     }
 
-    std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(const Attrs & attrs) const override
+    std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const Attrs & attrs) const override
     {
         parseURL(getStrAttr(attrs, "url"));
 
@@ -97,7 +101,7 @@ struct MercurialInputScheme : InputScheme
                 throw BadURL("invalid Mercurial branch/tag name '%s'", *ref);
         }
 
-        Input input;
+        Input input{settings};
         input.attrs = attrs;
         return input;
     }
@@ -182,10 +186,10 @@ struct MercurialInputScheme : InputScheme
                 /* This is an unclean working tree. So copy all tracked
                    files. */
 
-                if (!fetchSettings.allowDirty)
+                if (!input.settings->allowDirty)
                     throw Error("Mercurial tree '%s' is unclean", actualUrl);
 
-                if (fetchSettings.warnDirty)
+                if (input.settings->warnDirty)
                     warn("Mercurial tree '%s' is unclean", actualUrl);
 
                 input.attrs.insert_or_assign("ref", chomp(runHg({ "branch", "-R", actualUrl })));
diff --git a/src/libfetchers/path.cc b/src/libfetchers/path.cc
index 68958d559..fca0df84b 100644
--- a/src/libfetchers/path.cc
+++ b/src/libfetchers/path.cc
@@ -7,14 +7,16 @@ namespace nix::fetchers {
 
 struct PathInputScheme : InputScheme
 {
-    std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree) const override
+    std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const ParsedURL & url, bool requireTree) const override
     {
         if (url.scheme != "path") return {};
 
         if (url.authority && *url.authority != "")
             throw Error("path URL '%s' should not have an authority ('%s')", url.url, *url.authority);
 
-        Input input;
+        Input input{settings};
         input.attrs.insert_or_assign("type", "path");
         input.attrs.insert_or_assign("path", url.path);
 
@@ -54,11 +56,13 @@ struct PathInputScheme : InputScheme
         };
     }
 
-    std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(const Attrs & attrs) const override
+    std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const Attrs & attrs) const override
     {
         getStrAttr(attrs, "path");
 
-        Input input;
+        Input input{settings};
         input.attrs = attrs;
         return input;
     }
diff --git a/src/libfetchers/registry.cc b/src/libfetchers/registry.cc
index 52cbac5e0..3c893c8ea 100644
--- a/src/libfetchers/registry.cc
+++ b/src/libfetchers/registry.cc
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+#include "fetch-settings.hh"
 #include "registry.hh"
 #include "tarball.hh"
 #include "users.hh"
-#include "config-global.hh"
 #include "globals.hh"
 #include "store-api.hh"
 #include "local-fs-store.hh"
@@ -11,12 +11,13 @@
 namespace nix::fetchers {
 
 std::shared_ptr<Registry> Registry::read(
+    const Settings & settings,
     const Path & path, RegistryType type)
 {
-    auto registry = std::make_shared<Registry>(type);
+    auto registry = std::make_shared<Registry>(settings, type);
 
     if (!pathExists(path))
-        return std::make_shared<Registry>(type);
+        return std::make_shared<Registry>(settings, type);
 
     try {
 
@@ -36,8 +37,8 @@ std::shared_ptr<Registry> Registry::read(
                 auto exact = i.find("exact");
                 registry->entries.push_back(
                     Entry {
-                        .from = Input::fromAttrs(jsonToAttrs(i["from"])),
-                        .to = Input::fromAttrs(std::move(toAttrs)),
+                        .from = Input::fromAttrs(settings, jsonToAttrs(i["from"])),
+                        .to = Input::fromAttrs(settings, std::move(toAttrs)),
                         .extraAttrs = extraAttrs,
                         .exact = exact != i.end() && exact.value()
                     });
@@ -106,10 +107,10 @@ static Path getSystemRegistryPath()
     return settings.nixConfDir + "/registry.json";
 }
 
-static std::shared_ptr<Registry> getSystemRegistry()
+static std::shared_ptr<Registry> getSystemRegistry(const Settings & settings)
 {
     static auto systemRegistry =
-        Registry::read(getSystemRegistryPath(), Registry::System);
+        Registry::read(settings, getSystemRegistryPath(), Registry::System);
     return systemRegistry;
 }
 
@@ -118,25 +119,24 @@ Path getUserRegistryPath()
     return getConfigDir() + "/nix/registry.json";
 }
 
-std::shared_ptr<Registry> getUserRegistry()
+std::shared_ptr<Registry> getUserRegistry(const Settings & settings)
 {
     static auto userRegistry =
-        Registry::read(getUserRegistryPath(), Registry::User);
+        Registry::read(settings, getUserRegistryPath(), Registry::User);
     return userRegistry;
 }
 
-std::shared_ptr<Registry> getCustomRegistry(const Path & p)
+std::shared_ptr<Registry> getCustomRegistry(const Settings & settings, const Path & p)
 {
     static auto customRegistry =
-        Registry::read(p, Registry::Custom);
+        Registry::read(settings, p, Registry::Custom);
     return customRegistry;
 }
 
-static std::shared_ptr<Registry> flagRegistry =
-    std::make_shared<Registry>(Registry::Flag);
-
-std::shared_ptr<Registry> getFlagRegistry()
+std::shared_ptr<Registry> getFlagRegistry(const Settings & settings)
 {
+    static auto flagRegistry =
+        std::make_shared<Registry>(settings, Registry::Flag);
     return flagRegistry;
 }
 
@@ -145,30 +145,15 @@ void overrideRegistry(
     const Input & to,
     const Attrs & extraAttrs)
 {
-    flagRegistry->add(from, to, extraAttrs);
+    getFlagRegistry(*from.settings)->add(from, to, extraAttrs);
 }
 
-struct RegistrySettings : Config
-{
-    Setting<std::string> flakeRegistry{this, "https://channels.nixos.org/flake-registry.json", "flake-registry",
-        R"(
-          Path or URI of the global flake registry.
-
-          When empty, disables the global flake registry.
-        )",
-        {}, true, Xp::Flakes};
-};
-
-RegistrySettings registrySettings;
-
-static GlobalConfig::Register rRegistrySettings(&registrySettings);
-
-static std::shared_ptr<Registry> getGlobalRegistry(ref<Store> store)
+static std::shared_ptr<Registry> getGlobalRegistry(const Settings & settings, ref<Store> store)
 {
     static auto reg = [&]() {
-        auto path = registrySettings.flakeRegistry.get();
+        auto path = settings.flakeRegistry.get();
         if (path == "") {
-            return std::make_shared<Registry>(Registry::Global); // empty registry
+            return std::make_shared<Registry>(settings, Registry::Global); // empty registry
         }
 
         if (!hasPrefix(path, "/")) {
@@ -178,19 +163,19 @@ static std::shared_ptr<Registry> getGlobalRegistry(ref<Store> store)
             path = store->toRealPath(storePath);
         }
 
-        return Registry::read(path, Registry::Global);
+        return Registry::read(settings, path, Registry::Global);
     }();
 
     return reg;
 }
 
-Registries getRegistries(ref<Store> store)
+Registries getRegistries(const Settings & settings, ref<Store> store)
 {
     Registries registries;
-    registries.push_back(getFlagRegistry());
-    registries.push_back(getUserRegistry());
-    registries.push_back(getSystemRegistry());
-    registries.push_back(getGlobalRegistry(store));
+    registries.push_back(getFlagRegistry(settings));
+    registries.push_back(getUserRegistry(settings));
+    registries.push_back(getSystemRegistry(settings));
+    registries.push_back(getGlobalRegistry(settings, store));
     return registries;
 }
 
@@ -207,7 +192,7 @@ std::pair<Input, Attrs> lookupInRegistries(
     n++;
     if (n > 100) throw Error("cycle detected in flake registry for '%s'", input.to_string());
 
-    for (auto & registry : getRegistries(store)) {
+    for (auto & registry : getRegistries(*input.settings, store)) {
         // FIXME: O(n)
         for (auto & entry : registry->entries) {
             if (entry.exact) {
diff --git a/src/libfetchers/registry.hh b/src/libfetchers/registry.hh
index f57ab1e6b..0d68ac395 100644
--- a/src/libfetchers/registry.hh
+++ b/src/libfetchers/registry.hh
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ namespace nix::fetchers {
 
 struct Registry
 {
+    const Settings & settings;
+
     enum RegistryType {
         Flag = 0,
         User = 1,
@@ -29,11 +31,13 @@ struct Registry
 
     std::vector<Entry> entries;
 
-    Registry(RegistryType type)
-        : type(type)
+    Registry(const Settings & settings, RegistryType type)
+        : settings{settings}
+        , type{type}
     { }
 
     static std::shared_ptr<Registry> read(
+        const Settings & settings,
         const Path & path, RegistryType type);
 
     void write(const Path & path);
@@ -48,13 +52,13 @@ struct Registry
 
 typedef std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Registry>> Registries;
 
-std::shared_ptr<Registry> getUserRegistry();
+std::shared_ptr<Registry> getUserRegistry(const Settings & settings);
 
-std::shared_ptr<Registry> getCustomRegistry(const Path & p);
+std::shared_ptr<Registry> getCustomRegistry(const Settings & settings, const Path & p);
 
 Path getUserRegistryPath();
 
-Registries getRegistries(ref<Store> store);
+Registries getRegistries(const Settings & settings, ref<Store> store);
 
 void overrideRegistry(
     const Input & from,
diff --git a/src/libfetchers/tarball.cc b/src/libfetchers/tarball.cc
index aa8ff652f..e049dffeb 100644
--- a/src/libfetchers/tarball.cc
+++ b/src/libfetchers/tarball.cc
@@ -214,12 +214,14 @@ struct CurlInputScheme : InputScheme
 
     static const std::set<std::string> specialParams;
 
-    std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(const ParsedURL & _url, bool requireTree) const override
+    std::optional<Input> inputFromURL(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const ParsedURL & _url, bool requireTree) const override
     {
         if (!isValidURL(_url, requireTree))
             return std::nullopt;
 
-        Input input;
+        Input input{settings};
 
         auto url = _url;
 
@@ -267,9 +269,11 @@ struct CurlInputScheme : InputScheme
         };
     }
 
-    std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(const Attrs & attrs) const override
+    std::optional<Input> inputFromAttrs(
+        const Settings & settings,
+        const Attrs & attrs) const override
     {
-        Input input;
+        Input input{settings};
         input.attrs = attrs;
 
         //input.locked = (bool) maybeGetStrAttr(input.attrs, "hash");
@@ -349,7 +353,7 @@ struct TarballInputScheme : CurlInputScheme
         result.accessor->setPathDisplay("«" + input.to_string() + "»");
 
         if (result.immutableUrl) {
-            auto immutableInput = Input::fromURL(*result.immutableUrl);
+            auto immutableInput = Input::fromURL(*input.settings, *result.immutableUrl);
             // FIXME: would be nice to support arbitrary flakerefs
             // here, e.g. git flakes.
             if (immutableInput.getType() != "tarball")
diff --git a/src/libflake/flake-settings.cc b/src/libflake/flake-settings.cc
deleted file mode 100644
index ba97e0ce7..000000000
--- a/src/libflake/flake-settings.cc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-#include "flake-settings.hh"
-#include "config-global.hh"
-
-namespace nix {
-
-FlakeSettings::FlakeSettings() {}
-
-FlakeSettings flakeSettings;
-
-static GlobalConfig::Register rFlakeSettings(&flakeSettings);
-
-}
diff --git a/src/libflake/flake/config.cc b/src/libflake/flake/config.cc
index 498595359..4e00d5c93 100644
--- a/src/libflake/flake/config.cc
+++ b/src/libflake/flake/config.cc
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include "users.hh"
 #include "config-global.hh"
-#include "flake-settings.hh"
+#include "flake/settings.hh"
 #include "flake.hh"
 
 #include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ static void writeTrustedList(const TrustedList & trustedList)
     writeFile(path, nlohmann::json(trustedList).dump());
 }
 
-void ConfigFile::apply()
+void ConfigFile::apply(const Settings & flakeSettings)
 {
     std::set<std::string> whitelist{"bash-prompt", "bash-prompt-prefix", "bash-prompt-suffix", "flake-registry", "commit-lock-file-summary", "commit-lockfile-summary"};
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ void ConfigFile::apply()
         else
             assert(false);
 
-        if (!whitelist.count(baseName) && !nix::flakeSettings.acceptFlakeConfig) {
+        if (!whitelist.count(baseName) && !flakeSettings.acceptFlakeConfig) {
             bool trusted = false;
             auto trustedList = readTrustedList();
             auto tlname = get(trustedList, name);
diff --git a/src/libflake/flake/flake.cc b/src/libflake/flake/flake.cc
index eb083fcee..627dfe830 100644
--- a/src/libflake/flake/flake.cc
+++ b/src/libflake/flake/flake.cc
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #include "fetchers.hh"
 #include "finally.hh"
 #include "fetch-settings.hh"
-#include "flake-settings.hh"
+#include "flake/settings.hh"
 #include "value-to-json.hh"
 #include "local-fs-store.hh"
 
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ static FlakeInput parseFlakeInput(EvalState & state,
 
     if (attrs.count("type"))
         try {
-            input.ref = FlakeRef::fromAttrs(attrs);
+            input.ref = FlakeRef::fromAttrs(state.fetchSettings, attrs);
         } catch (Error & e) {
             e.addTrace(state.positions[pos], HintFmt("while evaluating flake input"));
             throw;
@@ -174,11 +174,11 @@ static FlakeInput parseFlakeInput(EvalState & state,
         if (!attrs.empty())
             throw Error("unexpected flake input attribute '%s', at %s", attrs.begin()->first, state.positions[pos]);
         if (url)
-            input.ref = parseFlakeRef(*url, baseDir, true, input.isFlake);
+            input.ref = parseFlakeRef(state.fetchSettings, *url, baseDir, true, input.isFlake);
     }
 
     if (!input.follows && !input.ref)
-        input.ref = FlakeRef::fromAttrs({{"type", "indirect"}, {"id", std::string(inputName)}});
+        input.ref = FlakeRef::fromAttrs(state.fetchSettings, {{"type", "indirect"}, {"id", std::string(inputName)}});
 
     return input;
 }
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ static Flake readFlake(
             for (auto & formal : outputs->value->payload.lambda.fun->formals->formals) {
                 if (formal.name != state.sSelf)
                     flake.inputs.emplace(state.symbols[formal.name], FlakeInput {
-                        .ref = parseFlakeRef(std::string(state.symbols[formal.name]))
+                        .ref = parseFlakeRef(state.fetchSettings, std::string(state.symbols[formal.name]))
                     });
             }
         }
@@ -329,16 +329,19 @@ Flake getFlake(EvalState & state, const FlakeRef & originalRef, bool allowLookup
     return getFlake(state, originalRef, allowLookup, flakeCache);
 }
 
-static LockFile readLockFile(const SourcePath & lockFilePath)
+static LockFile readLockFile(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
+    const SourcePath & lockFilePath)
 {
     return lockFilePath.pathExists()
-        ? LockFile(lockFilePath.readFile(), fmt("%s", lockFilePath))
+        ? LockFile(fetchSettings, lockFilePath.readFile(), fmt("%s", lockFilePath))
         : LockFile();
 }
 
 /* Compute an in-memory lock file for the specified top-level flake,
    and optionally write it to file, if the flake is writable. */
 LockedFlake lockFlake(
+    const Settings & settings,
     EvalState & state,
     const FlakeRef & topRef,
     const LockFlags & lockFlags)
@@ -347,21 +350,22 @@ LockedFlake lockFlake(
 
     FlakeCache flakeCache;
 
-    auto useRegistries = lockFlags.useRegistries.value_or(flakeSettings.useRegistries);
+    auto useRegistries = lockFlags.useRegistries.value_or(settings.useRegistries);
 
     auto flake = getFlake(state, topRef, useRegistries, flakeCache);
 
     if (lockFlags.applyNixConfig) {
-        flake.config.apply();
+        flake.config.apply(settings);
         state.store->setOptions();
     }
 
     try {
-        if (!fetchSettings.allowDirty && lockFlags.referenceLockFilePath) {
+        if (!state.fetchSettings.allowDirty && lockFlags.referenceLockFilePath) {
             throw Error("reference lock file was provided, but the `allow-dirty` setting is set to false");
         }
 
         auto oldLockFile = readLockFile(
+            state.fetchSettings,
             lockFlags.referenceLockFilePath.value_or(
                 flake.lockFilePath()));
 
@@ -597,7 +601,7 @@ LockedFlake lockFlake(
                                 inputFlake.inputs, childNode, inputPath,
                                 oldLock
                                 ? std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const Node>(oldLock)
-                                : readLockFile(inputFlake.lockFilePath()).root.get_ptr(),
+                                : readLockFile(state.fetchSettings, inputFlake.lockFilePath()).root.get_ptr(),
                                 oldLock ? lockRootPath : inputPath,
                                 localPath,
                                 false);
@@ -660,7 +664,7 @@ LockedFlake lockFlake(
             if (lockFlags.writeLockFile) {
                 if (sourcePath || lockFlags.outputLockFilePath) {
                     if (auto unlockedInput = newLockFile.isUnlocked()) {
-                        if (fetchSettings.warnDirty)
+                        if (state.fetchSettings.warnDirty)
                             warn("will not write lock file of flake '%s' because it has an unlocked input ('%s')", topRef, *unlockedInput);
                     } else {
                         if (!lockFlags.updateLockFile)
@@ -692,7 +696,7 @@ LockedFlake lockFlake(
                             if (lockFlags.commitLockFile) {
                                 std::string cm;
 
-                                cm = flakeSettings.commitLockFileSummary.get();
+                                cm = settings.commitLockFileSummary.get();
 
                                 if (cm == "") {
                                     cm = fmt("%s: %s", relPath, lockFileExists ? "Update" : "Add");
@@ -800,46 +804,49 @@ void callFlake(EvalState & state,
     state.callFunction(*vTmp1, vOverrides, vRes, noPos);
 }
 
-static void prim_getFlake(EvalState & state, const PosIdx pos, Value * * args, Value & v)
+void initLib(const Settings & settings)
 {
-    std::string flakeRefS(state.forceStringNoCtx(*args[0], pos, "while evaluating the argument passed to builtins.getFlake"));
-    auto flakeRef = parseFlakeRef(flakeRefS, {}, true);
-    if (state.settings.pureEval && !flakeRef.input.isLocked())
-        throw Error("cannot call 'getFlake' on unlocked flake reference '%s', at %s (use --impure to override)", flakeRefS, state.positions[pos]);
+    auto prim_getFlake = [&settings](EvalState & state, const PosIdx pos, Value * * args, Value & v)
+    {
+        std::string flakeRefS(state.forceStringNoCtx(*args[0], pos, "while evaluating the argument passed to builtins.getFlake"));
+        auto flakeRef = parseFlakeRef(state.fetchSettings, flakeRefS, {}, true);
+        if (state.settings.pureEval && !flakeRef.input.isLocked())
+            throw Error("cannot call 'getFlake' on unlocked flake reference '%s', at %s (use --impure to override)", flakeRefS, state.positions[pos]);
 
-    callFlake(state,
-        lockFlake(state, flakeRef,
-            LockFlags {
-                .updateLockFile = false,
-                .writeLockFile = false,
-                .useRegistries = !state.settings.pureEval && flakeSettings.useRegistries,
-                .allowUnlocked = !state.settings.pureEval,
-            }),
-        v);
+        callFlake(state,
+            lockFlake(settings, state, flakeRef,
+                LockFlags {
+                    .updateLockFile = false,
+                    .writeLockFile = false,
+                    .useRegistries = !state.settings.pureEval && settings.useRegistries,
+                    .allowUnlocked = !state.settings.pureEval,
+                }),
+            v);
+    };
+
+    RegisterPrimOp::primOps->push_back({
+        .name =  "__getFlake",
+        .args = {"args"},
+        .doc = R"(
+          Fetch a flake from a flake reference, and return its output attributes and some metadata. For example:
+
+          ```nix
+          (builtins.getFlake "nix/55bc52401966fbffa525c574c14f67b00bc4fb3a").packages.x86_64-linux.nix
+          ```
+
+          Unless impure evaluation is allowed (`--impure`), the flake reference
+          must be "locked", e.g. contain a Git revision or content hash. An
+          example of an unlocked usage is:
+
+          ```nix
+          (builtins.getFlake "github:edolstra/dwarffs").rev
+          ```
+        )",
+        .fun = prim_getFlake,
+        .experimentalFeature = Xp::Flakes,
+    });
 }
 
-static RegisterPrimOp r2({
-    .name =  "__getFlake",
-    .args = {"args"},
-    .doc = R"(
-      Fetch a flake from a flake reference, and return its output attributes and some metadata. For example:
-
-      ```nix
-      (builtins.getFlake "nix/55bc52401966fbffa525c574c14f67b00bc4fb3a").packages.x86_64-linux.nix
-      ```
-
-      Unless impure evaluation is allowed (`--impure`), the flake reference
-      must be "locked", e.g. contain a Git revision or content hash. An
-      example of an unlocked usage is:
-
-      ```nix
-      (builtins.getFlake "github:edolstra/dwarffs").rev
-      ```
-    )",
-    .fun = prim_getFlake,
-    .experimentalFeature = Xp::Flakes,
-});
-
 static void prim_parseFlakeRef(
     EvalState & state,
     const PosIdx pos,
@@ -848,7 +855,7 @@ static void prim_parseFlakeRef(
 {
     std::string flakeRefS(state.forceStringNoCtx(*args[0], pos,
         "while evaluating the argument passed to builtins.parseFlakeRef"));
-    auto attrs = parseFlakeRef(flakeRefS, {}, true).toAttrs();
+    auto attrs = parseFlakeRef(state.fetchSettings, flakeRefS, {}, true).toAttrs();
     auto binds = state.buildBindings(attrs.size());
     for (const auto & [key, value] : attrs) {
         auto s = state.symbols.create(key);
@@ -913,7 +920,7 @@ static void prim_flakeRefToString(
                 showType(*attr.value)).debugThrow();
         }
     }
-    auto flakeRef = FlakeRef::fromAttrs(attrs);
+    auto flakeRef = FlakeRef::fromAttrs(state.fetchSettings, attrs);
     v.mkString(flakeRef.to_string());
 }
 
diff --git a/src/libflake/flake/flake.hh b/src/libflake/flake/flake.hh
index 1ba085f0f..cce17009c 100644
--- a/src/libflake/flake/flake.hh
+++ b/src/libflake/flake/flake.hh
@@ -12,6 +12,16 @@ class EvalState;
 
 namespace flake {
 
+struct Settings;
+
+/**
+ * Initialize `libnixflake`
+ *
+ * So far, this registers the `builtins.getFlake` primop, which depends
+ * on the choice of `flake:Settings`.
+ */
+void initLib(const Settings & settings);
+
 struct FlakeInput;
 
 typedef std::map<FlakeId, FlakeInput> FlakeInputs;
@@ -57,7 +67,7 @@ struct ConfigFile
 
     std::map<std::string, ConfigValue> settings;
 
-    void apply();
+    void apply(const Settings & settings);
 };
 
 /**
@@ -194,6 +204,7 @@ struct LockFlags
 };
 
 LockedFlake lockFlake(
+    const Settings & settings,
     EvalState & state,
     const FlakeRef & flakeRef,
     const LockFlags & lockFlags);
diff --git a/src/libflake/flake/flakeref.cc b/src/libflake/flake/flakeref.cc
index 6e4aad64d..941790e0c 100644
--- a/src/libflake/flake/flakeref.cc
+++ b/src/libflake/flake/flakeref.cc
@@ -48,28 +48,32 @@ FlakeRef FlakeRef::resolve(ref<Store> store) const
 }
 
 FlakeRef parseFlakeRef(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
     const std::string & url,
     const std::optional<Path> & baseDir,
     bool allowMissing,
     bool isFlake)
 {
-    auto [flakeRef, fragment] = parseFlakeRefWithFragment(url, baseDir, allowMissing, isFlake);
+    auto [flakeRef, fragment] = parseFlakeRefWithFragment(fetchSettings, url, baseDir, allowMissing, isFlake);
     if (fragment != "")
         throw Error("unexpected fragment '%s' in flake reference '%s'", fragment, url);
     return flakeRef;
 }
 
 std::optional<FlakeRef> maybeParseFlakeRef(
-    const std::string & url, const std::optional<Path> & baseDir)
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
+    const std::string & url,
+    const std::optional<Path> & baseDir)
 {
     try {
-        return parseFlakeRef(url, baseDir);
+        return parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, url, baseDir);
     } catch (Error &) {
         return {};
     }
 }
 
 std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string> parsePathFlakeRefWithFragment(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
     const std::string & url,
     const std::optional<Path> & baseDir,
     bool allowMissing,
@@ -166,7 +170,7 @@ std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string> parsePathFlakeRefWithFragment(
                         parsedURL.query.insert_or_assign("shallow", "1");
 
                     return std::make_pair(
-                        FlakeRef(fetchers::Input::fromURL(parsedURL), getOr(parsedURL.query, "dir", "")),
+                        FlakeRef(fetchers::Input::fromURL(fetchSettings, parsedURL), getOr(parsedURL.query, "dir", "")),
                         fragment);
                 }
 
@@ -185,13 +189,14 @@ std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string> parsePathFlakeRefWithFragment(
     attrs.insert_or_assign("type", "path");
     attrs.insert_or_assign("path", path);
 
-    return std::make_pair(FlakeRef(fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(std::move(attrs)), ""), fragment);
+    return std::make_pair(FlakeRef(fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(fetchSettings, std::move(attrs)), ""), fragment);
 };
 
 
 /* Check if 'url' is a flake ID. This is an abbreviated syntax for
     'flake:<flake-id>?ref=<ref>&rev=<rev>'. */
-std::optional<std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string>> parseFlakeIdRef(
+static std::optional<std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string>> parseFlakeIdRef(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
     const std::string & url,
     bool isFlake
 )
@@ -213,7 +218,7 @@ std::optional<std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string>> parseFlakeIdRef(
         };
 
         return std::make_pair(
-            FlakeRef(fetchers::Input::fromURL(parsedURL, isFlake), ""),
+            FlakeRef(fetchers::Input::fromURL(fetchSettings, parsedURL, isFlake), ""),
             percentDecode(match.str(6)));
     }
 
@@ -221,6 +226,7 @@ std::optional<std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string>> parseFlakeIdRef(
 }
 
 std::optional<std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string>> parseURLFlakeRef(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
     const std::string & url,
     const std::optional<Path> & baseDir,
     bool isFlake
@@ -236,7 +242,7 @@ std::optional<std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string>> parseURLFlakeRef(
     std::string fragment;
     std::swap(fragment, parsedURL.fragment);
 
-    auto input = fetchers::Input::fromURL(parsedURL, isFlake);
+    auto input = fetchers::Input::fromURL(fetchSettings, parsedURL, isFlake);
     input.parent = baseDir;
 
     return std::make_pair(
@@ -245,6 +251,7 @@ std::optional<std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string>> parseURLFlakeRef(
 }
 
 std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string> parseFlakeRefWithFragment(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
     const std::string & url,
     const std::optional<Path> & baseDir,
     bool allowMissing,
@@ -254,31 +261,34 @@ std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string> parseFlakeRefWithFragment(
 
     std::smatch match;
 
-    if (auto res = parseFlakeIdRef(url, isFlake)) {
+    if (auto res = parseFlakeIdRef(fetchSettings, url, isFlake)) {
         return *res;
-    } else if (auto res = parseURLFlakeRef(url, baseDir, isFlake)) {
+    } else if (auto res = parseURLFlakeRef(fetchSettings, url, baseDir, isFlake)) {
         return *res;
     } else {
-        return parsePathFlakeRefWithFragment(url, baseDir, allowMissing, isFlake);
+        return parsePathFlakeRefWithFragment(fetchSettings, url, baseDir, allowMissing, isFlake);
     }
 }
 
 std::optional<std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string>> maybeParseFlakeRefWithFragment(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
     const std::string & url, const std::optional<Path> & baseDir)
 {
     try {
-        return parseFlakeRefWithFragment(url, baseDir);
+        return parseFlakeRefWithFragment(fetchSettings, url, baseDir);
     } catch (Error & e) {
         return {};
     }
 }
 
-FlakeRef FlakeRef::fromAttrs(const fetchers::Attrs & attrs)
+FlakeRef FlakeRef::fromAttrs(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
+    const fetchers::Attrs & attrs)
 {
     auto attrs2(attrs);
     attrs2.erase("dir");
     return FlakeRef(
-        fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(std::move(attrs2)),
+        fetchers::Input::fromAttrs(fetchSettings, std::move(attrs2)),
         fetchers::maybeGetStrAttr(attrs, "dir").value_or(""));
 }
 
@@ -289,13 +299,16 @@ std::pair<StorePath, FlakeRef> FlakeRef::fetchTree(ref<Store> store) const
 }
 
 std::tuple<FlakeRef, std::string, ExtendedOutputsSpec> parseFlakeRefWithFragmentAndExtendedOutputsSpec(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
     const std::string & url,
     const std::optional<Path> & baseDir,
     bool allowMissing,
     bool isFlake)
 {
     auto [prefix, extendedOutputsSpec] = ExtendedOutputsSpec::parse(url);
-    auto [flakeRef, fragment] = parseFlakeRefWithFragment(std::string { prefix }, baseDir, allowMissing, isFlake);
+    auto [flakeRef, fragment] = parseFlakeRefWithFragment(
+        fetchSettings,
+        std::string { prefix }, baseDir, allowMissing, isFlake);
     return {std::move(flakeRef), fragment, std::move(extendedOutputsSpec)};
 }
 
diff --git a/src/libflake/flake/flakeref.hh b/src/libflake/flake/flakeref.hh
index 04c812ed0..ad9b582c5 100644
--- a/src/libflake/flake/flakeref.hh
+++ b/src/libflake/flake/flakeref.hh
@@ -61,7 +61,9 @@ struct FlakeRef
 
     FlakeRef resolve(ref<Store> store) const;
 
-    static FlakeRef fromAttrs(const fetchers::Attrs & attrs);
+    static FlakeRef fromAttrs(
+        const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
+        const fetchers::Attrs & attrs);
 
     std::pair<StorePath, FlakeRef> fetchTree(ref<Store> store) const;
 };
@@ -72,6 +74,7 @@ std::ostream & operator << (std::ostream & str, const FlakeRef & flakeRef);
  * @param baseDir Optional [base directory](https://nixos.org/manual/nix/unstable/glossary#gloss-base-directory)
  */
 FlakeRef parseFlakeRef(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
     const std::string & url,
     const std::optional<Path> & baseDir = {},
     bool allowMissing = false,
@@ -81,12 +84,15 @@ FlakeRef parseFlakeRef(
  * @param baseDir Optional [base directory](https://nixos.org/manual/nix/unstable/glossary#gloss-base-directory)
  */
 std::optional<FlakeRef> maybeParseFlake(
-    const std::string & url, const std::optional<Path> & baseDir = {});
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
+    const std::string & url,
+    const std::optional<Path> & baseDir = {});
 
 /**
  * @param baseDir Optional [base directory](https://nixos.org/manual/nix/unstable/glossary#gloss-base-directory)
  */
 std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string> parseFlakeRefWithFragment(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
     const std::string & url,
     const std::optional<Path> & baseDir = {},
     bool allowMissing = false,
@@ -96,12 +102,15 @@ std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string> parseFlakeRefWithFragment(
  * @param baseDir Optional [base directory](https://nixos.org/manual/nix/unstable/glossary#gloss-base-directory)
  */
 std::optional<std::pair<FlakeRef, std::string>> maybeParseFlakeRefWithFragment(
-    const std::string & url, const std::optional<Path> & baseDir = {});
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
+    const std::string & url,
+    const std::optional<Path> & baseDir = {});
 
 /**
  * @param baseDir Optional [base directory](https://nixos.org/manual/nix/unstable/glossary#gloss-base-directory)
  */
 std::tuple<FlakeRef, std::string, ExtendedOutputsSpec> parseFlakeRefWithFragmentAndExtendedOutputsSpec(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
     const std::string & url,
     const std::optional<Path> & baseDir = {},
     bool allowMissing = false,
diff --git a/src/libflake/flake/lockfile.cc b/src/libflake/flake/lockfile.cc
index d252214dd..c94692d6e 100644
--- a/src/libflake/flake/lockfile.cc
+++ b/src/libflake/flake/lockfile.cc
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@
 
 namespace nix::flake {
 
-FlakeRef getFlakeRef(
+static FlakeRef getFlakeRef(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
     const nlohmann::json & json,
     const char * attr,
     const char * info)
@@ -26,15 +27,17 @@ FlakeRef getFlakeRef(
                     attrs.insert_or_assign(k.first, k.second);
             }
         }
-        return FlakeRef::fromAttrs(attrs);
+        return FlakeRef::fromAttrs(fetchSettings, attrs);
     }
 
     throw Error("attribute '%s' missing in lock file", attr);
 }
 
-LockedNode::LockedNode(const nlohmann::json & json)
-    : lockedRef(getFlakeRef(json, "locked", "info")) // FIXME: remove "info"
-    , originalRef(getFlakeRef(json, "original", nullptr))
+LockedNode::LockedNode(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
+    const nlohmann::json & json)
+    : lockedRef(getFlakeRef(fetchSettings, json, "locked", "info")) // FIXME: remove "info"
+    , originalRef(getFlakeRef(fetchSettings, json, "original", nullptr))
     , isFlake(json.find("flake") != json.end() ? (bool) json["flake"] : true)
 {
     if (!lockedRef.input.isLocked())
@@ -84,7 +87,9 @@ std::shared_ptr<Node> LockFile::findInput(const InputPath & path)
     return doFind(root, path, visited);
 }
 
-LockFile::LockFile(std::string_view contents, std::string_view path)
+LockFile::LockFile(
+    const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
+    std::string_view contents, std::string_view path)
 {
     auto json = nlohmann::json::parse(contents);
 
@@ -113,7 +118,7 @@ LockFile::LockFile(std::string_view contents, std::string_view path)
                     auto jsonNode2 = nodes.find(inputKey);
                     if (jsonNode2 == nodes.end())
                         throw Error("lock file references missing node '%s'", inputKey);
-                    auto input = make_ref<LockedNode>(*jsonNode2);
+                    auto input = make_ref<LockedNode>(fetchSettings, *jsonNode2);
                     k = nodeMap.insert_or_assign(inputKey, input).first;
                     getInputs(*input, *jsonNode2);
                 }
diff --git a/src/libflake/flake/lockfile.hh b/src/libflake/flake/lockfile.hh
index 7e62e6d09..e269b6c39 100644
--- a/src/libflake/flake/lockfile.hh
+++ b/src/libflake/flake/lockfile.hh
@@ -45,7 +45,9 @@ struct LockedNode : Node
         : lockedRef(lockedRef), originalRef(originalRef), isFlake(isFlake)
     { }
 
-    LockedNode(const nlohmann::json & json);
+    LockedNode(
+        const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
+        const nlohmann::json & json);
 
     StorePath computeStorePath(Store & store) const;
 };
@@ -55,7 +57,9 @@ struct LockFile
     ref<Node> root = make_ref<Node>();
 
     LockFile() {};
-    LockFile(std::string_view contents, std::string_view path);
+    LockFile(
+        const fetchers::Settings & fetchSettings,
+        std::string_view contents, std::string_view path);
 
     typedef std::map<ref<const Node>, std::string> KeyMap;
 
diff --git a/src/libflake/flake/settings.cc b/src/libflake/flake/settings.cc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6a0294e62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libflake/flake/settings.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "flake/settings.hh"
+
+namespace nix::flake {
+
+Settings::Settings() {}
+
+}
diff --git a/src/libflake/flake-settings.hh b/src/libflake/flake/settings.hh
similarity index 86%
rename from src/libflake/flake-settings.hh
rename to src/libflake/flake/settings.hh
index f97c175e8..fee247a7d 100644
--- a/src/libflake/flake-settings.hh
+++ b/src/libflake/flake/settings.hh
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@
 
 #include <sys/types.h>
 
-namespace nix {
+namespace nix::flake {
 
-struct FlakeSettings : public Config
+struct Settings : public Config
 {
-    FlakeSettings();
+    Settings();
 
     Setting<bool> useRegistries{
         this,
@@ -47,7 +47,4 @@ struct FlakeSettings : public Config
         Xp::Flakes};
 };
 
-// TODO: don't use a global variable.
-extern FlakeSettings flakeSettings;
-
 }
diff --git a/src/libflake/meson.build b/src/libflake/meson.build
index d3c3d3079..38d70c678 100644
--- a/src/libflake/meson.build
+++ b/src/libflake/meson.build
@@ -42,21 +42,21 @@ add_project_arguments(
 subdir('build-utils-meson/diagnostics')
 
 sources = files(
-  'flake-settings.cc',
   'flake/config.cc',
   'flake/flake.cc',
   'flake/flakeref.cc',
-  'flake/url-name.cc',
   'flake/lockfile.cc',
+  'flake/settings.cc',
+  'flake/url-name.cc',
 )
 
 include_dirs = [include_directories('.')]
 
 headers = files(
-  'flake-settings.hh',
   'flake/flake.hh',
   'flake/flakeref.hh',
   'flake/lockfile.hh',
+  'flake/settings.hh',
   'flake/url-name.hh',
 )
 
diff --git a/src/nix-build/nix-build.cc b/src/nix-build/nix-build.cc
index d37b16bdc..4d373ef8d 100644
--- a/src/nix-build/nix-build.cc
+++ b/src/nix-build/nix-build.cc
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ static void main_nix_build(int argc, char * * argv)
     auto store = openStore();
     auto evalStore = myArgs.evalStoreUrl ? openStore(*myArgs.evalStoreUrl) : store;
 
-    auto state = std::make_unique<EvalState>(myArgs.lookupPath, evalStore, evalSettings, store);
+    auto state = std::make_unique<EvalState>(myArgs.lookupPath, evalStore, fetchSettings, evalSettings, store);
     state->repair = myArgs.repair;
     if (myArgs.repair) buildMode = bmRepair;
 
diff --git a/src/nix-env/nix-env.cc b/src/nix-env/nix-env.cc
index c72378cd5..5e170c99d 100644
--- a/src/nix-env/nix-env.cc
+++ b/src/nix-env/nix-env.cc
@@ -1525,7 +1525,7 @@ static int main_nix_env(int argc, char * * argv)
 
         auto store = openStore();
 
-        globals.state = std::shared_ptr<EvalState>(new EvalState(myArgs.lookupPath, store, evalSettings));
+        globals.state = std::shared_ptr<EvalState>(new EvalState(myArgs.lookupPath, store, fetchSettings, evalSettings));
         globals.state->repair = myArgs.repair;
 
         globals.instSource.nixExprPath = std::make_shared<SourcePath>(
diff --git a/src/nix-instantiate/nix-instantiate.cc b/src/nix-instantiate/nix-instantiate.cc
index a4bfeebbb..c48549511 100644
--- a/src/nix-instantiate/nix-instantiate.cc
+++ b/src/nix-instantiate/nix-instantiate.cc
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ static int main_nix_instantiate(int argc, char * * argv)
         auto store = openStore();
         auto evalStore = myArgs.evalStoreUrl ? openStore(*myArgs.evalStoreUrl) : store;
 
-        auto state = std::make_unique<EvalState>(myArgs.lookupPath, evalStore, evalSettings, store);
+        auto state = std::make_unique<EvalState>(myArgs.lookupPath, evalStore, fetchSettings, evalSettings, store);
         state->repair = myArgs.repair;
 
         Bindings & autoArgs = *myArgs.getAutoArgs(*state);
diff --git a/src/nix/bundle.cc b/src/nix/bundle.cc
index 554c36540..7d9aa7711 100644
--- a/src/nix/bundle.cc
+++ b/src/nix/bundle.cc
@@ -76,7 +76,9 @@ struct CmdBundle : InstallableValueCommand
 
         auto val = installable->toValue(*evalState).first;
 
-        auto [bundlerFlakeRef, bundlerName, extendedOutputsSpec] = parseFlakeRefWithFragmentAndExtendedOutputsSpec(bundler, absPath("."));
+        auto [bundlerFlakeRef, bundlerName, extendedOutputsSpec] =
+            parseFlakeRefWithFragmentAndExtendedOutputsSpec(
+                fetchSettings, bundler, absPath("."));
         const flake::LockFlags lockFlags{ .writeLockFile = false };
         InstallableFlake bundler{this,
             evalState, std::move(bundlerFlakeRef), bundlerName, std::move(extendedOutputsSpec),
diff --git a/src/nix/flake.cc b/src/nix/flake.cc
index b65c7f59d..cfbe58712 100644
--- a/src/nix/flake.cc
+++ b/src/nix/flake.cc
@@ -48,19 +48,19 @@ public:
 
     FlakeRef getFlakeRef()
     {
-        return parseFlakeRef(flakeUrl, absPath(".")); //FIXME
+        return parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, flakeUrl, absPath(".")); //FIXME
     }
 
     LockedFlake lockFlake()
     {
-        return flake::lockFlake(*getEvalState(), getFlakeRef(), lockFlags);
+        return flake::lockFlake(flakeSettings, *getEvalState(), getFlakeRef(), lockFlags);
     }
 
     std::vector<FlakeRef> getFlakeRefsForCompletion() override
     {
         return {
             // Like getFlakeRef but with expandTilde calld first
-            parseFlakeRef(expandTilde(flakeUrl), absPath("."))
+            parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, expandTilde(flakeUrl), absPath("."))
         };
     }
 };
@@ -848,7 +848,8 @@ struct CmdFlakeInitCommon : virtual Args, EvalCommand
 
         auto evalState = getEvalState();
 
-        auto [templateFlakeRef, templateName] = parseFlakeRefWithFragment(templateUrl, absPath("."));
+        auto [templateFlakeRef, templateName] = parseFlakeRefWithFragment(
+            fetchSettings, templateUrl, absPath("."));
 
         auto installable = InstallableFlake(nullptr,
             evalState, std::move(templateFlakeRef), templateName, ExtendedOutputsSpec::Default(),
diff --git a/src/nix/main.cc b/src/nix/main.cc
index 775052351..44e69f588 100644
--- a/src/nix/main.cc
+++ b/src/nix/main.cc
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "users.hh"
 #include "network-proxy.hh"
 #include "eval-cache.hh"
+#include "flake/flake.hh"
 
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <regex>
@@ -242,7 +243,7 @@ static void showHelp(std::vector<std::string> subcommand, NixArgs & toplevel)
 
     evalSettings.restrictEval = false;
     evalSettings.pureEval = false;
-    EvalState state({}, openStore("dummy://"), evalSettings);
+    EvalState state({}, openStore("dummy://"), fetchSettings, evalSettings);
 
     auto vGenerateManpage = state.allocValue();
     state.eval(state.parseExprFromString(
@@ -362,6 +363,7 @@ void mainWrapped(int argc, char * * argv)
 
     initNix();
     initGC();
+    flake::initLib(flakeSettings);
 
     #if __linux__
     if (isRootUser()) {
@@ -418,7 +420,7 @@ void mainWrapped(int argc, char * * argv)
             Xp::FetchTree,
         };
         evalSettings.pureEval = false;
-        EvalState state({}, openStore("dummy://"), evalSettings);
+        EvalState state({}, openStore("dummy://"), fetchSettings, evalSettings);
         auto builtinsJson = nlohmann::json::object();
         for (auto & builtin : *state.baseEnv.values[0]->attrs()) {
             auto b = nlohmann::json::object();
diff --git a/src/nix/prefetch.cc b/src/nix/prefetch.cc
index c6e60a53b..db7d9e4ef 100644
--- a/src/nix/prefetch.cc
+++ b/src/nix/prefetch.cc
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ static int main_nix_prefetch_url(int argc, char * * argv)
           startProgressBar();
 
         auto store = openStore();
-        auto state = std::make_unique<EvalState>(myArgs.lookupPath, store, evalSettings);
+        auto state = std::make_unique<EvalState>(myArgs.lookupPath, store, fetchSettings, evalSettings);
 
         Bindings & autoArgs = *myArgs.getAutoArgs(*state);
 
diff --git a/src/nix/profile.cc b/src/nix/profile.cc
index c89b8c9bd..bb6424c4f 100644
--- a/src/nix/profile.cc
+++ b/src/nix/profile.cc
@@ -154,8 +154,8 @@ struct ProfileManifest
                 }
                 if (e.value(sUrl, "") != "") {
                     element.source = ProfileElementSource {
-                        parseFlakeRef(e[sOriginalUrl]),
-                        parseFlakeRef(e[sUrl]),
+                        parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, e[sOriginalUrl]),
+                        parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, e[sUrl]),
                         e["attrPath"],
                         e["outputs"].get<ExtendedOutputsSpec>()
                     };
diff --git a/src/nix/registry.cc b/src/nix/registry.cc
index 812429240..ee4516230 100644
--- a/src/nix/registry.cc
+++ b/src/nix/registry.cc
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ public:
     {
         if (registry) return registry;
         if (registry_path.empty()) {
-            registry = fetchers::getUserRegistry();
+            registry = fetchers::getUserRegistry(fetchSettings);
         } else {
-            registry = fetchers::getCustomRegistry(registry_path);
+            registry = fetchers::getCustomRegistry(fetchSettings, registry_path);
         }
         return registry;
     }
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ struct CmdRegistryList : StoreCommand
     {
         using namespace fetchers;
 
-        auto registries = getRegistries(store);
+        auto registries = getRegistries(fetchSettings, store);
 
         for (auto & registry : registries) {
             for (auto & entry : registry->entries) {
@@ -109,8 +109,8 @@ struct CmdRegistryAdd : MixEvalArgs, Command, RegistryCommand
 
     void run() override
     {
-        auto fromRef = parseFlakeRef(fromUrl);
-        auto toRef = parseFlakeRef(toUrl);
+        auto fromRef = parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, fromUrl);
+        auto toRef = parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, toUrl);
         auto registry = getRegistry();
         fetchers::Attrs extraAttrs;
         if (toRef.subdir != "") extraAttrs["dir"] = toRef.subdir;
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ struct CmdRegistryRemove : RegistryCommand, Command
     void run() override
     {
         auto registry = getRegistry();
-        registry->remove(parseFlakeRef(url).input);
+        registry->remove(parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, url).input);
         registry->write(getRegistryPath());
     }
 };
@@ -185,8 +185,8 @@ struct CmdRegistryPin : RegistryCommand, EvalCommand
     {
         if (locked.empty()) locked = url;
         auto registry = getRegistry();
-        auto ref = parseFlakeRef(url);
-        auto lockedRef = parseFlakeRef(locked);
+        auto ref = parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, url);
+        auto lockedRef = parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, locked);
         registry->remove(ref.input);
         auto resolved = lockedRef.resolve(store).input.getAccessor(store).second;
         if (!resolved.isLocked())
diff --git a/src/nix/upgrade-nix.cc b/src/nix/upgrade-nix.cc
index 29297253b..7b3357700 100644
--- a/src/nix/upgrade-nix.cc
+++ b/src/nix/upgrade-nix.cc
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ struct CmdUpgradeNix : MixDryRun, StoreCommand
         auto req = FileTransferRequest((std::string&) settings.upgradeNixStorePathUrl);
         auto res = getFileTransfer()->download(req);
 
-        auto state = std::make_unique<EvalState>(LookupPath{}, store, evalSettings);
+        auto state = std::make_unique<EvalState>(LookupPath{}, store, fetchSettings, evalSettings);
         auto v = state->allocValue();
         state->eval(state->parseExprFromString(res.data, state->rootPath(CanonPath("/no-such-path"))), *v);
         Bindings & bindings(*state->allocBindings(0));
diff --git a/tests/unit/libexpr-support/tests/libexpr.hh b/tests/unit/libexpr-support/tests/libexpr.hh
index eacbf0d5c..c85545e6c 100644
--- a/tests/unit/libexpr-support/tests/libexpr.hh
+++ b/tests/unit/libexpr-support/tests/libexpr.hh
@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 
+#include "fetch-settings.hh"
 #include "value.hh"
 #include "nixexpr.hh"
+#include "nixexpr.hh"
 #include "eval.hh"
 #include "eval-inline.hh"
 #include "eval-settings.hh"
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ namespace nix {
         protected:
             LibExprTest()
                 : LibStoreTest()
-                , state({}, store, evalSettings, nullptr)
+                , state({}, store, fetchSettings, evalSettings, nullptr)
             {
                 evalSettings.nixPath = {};
             }
@@ -43,6 +45,7 @@ namespace nix {
             }
 
             bool readOnlyMode = true;
+            fetchers::Settings fetchSettings{};
             EvalSettings evalSettings{readOnlyMode};
             EvalState state;
     };
diff --git a/tests/unit/libflake/flakeref.cc b/tests/unit/libflake/flakeref.cc
index 2b7809b93..d704a26d3 100644
--- a/tests/unit/libflake/flakeref.cc
+++ b/tests/unit/libflake/flakeref.cc
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
+#include "fetch-settings.hh"
 #include "flake/flakeref.hh"
 
 namespace nix {
@@ -11,8 +12,9 @@ namespace nix {
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
     TEST(to_string, doesntReencodeUrl) {
+        fetchers::Settings fetchSettings;
         auto s = "http://localhost:8181/test/+3d.tar.gz";
-        auto flakeref = parseFlakeRef(s);
+        auto flakeref = parseFlakeRef(fetchSettings, s);
         auto parsed = flakeref.to_string();
         auto expected = "http://localhost:8181/test/%2B3d.tar.gz";