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reword documentation on nix-copy-closure
(#10709)
* reword documentation on `nix-copy-closure` - one sentence per line - be more precise with respect to which Nix stores are being accessed - make a clear distinction between store paths and store objects - add links to definitions of terms - clarify which machine is which - --to and --from don't take arguments Co-authored-by: Robert Hensing <roberth@users.noreply.github.com>
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# Name
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`nix-copy-closure` - copy a closure to or from a remote machine via SSH
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`nix-copy-closure` - copy store objects to or from a remote machine via SSH
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# Synopsis
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`nix-copy-closure`
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[`--to` | `--from`]
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[`--to` | `--from` ]
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[`--gzip`]
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[`--include-outputs`]
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[`--use-substitutes` | `-s`]
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[`-v`]
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_user@machine_ _paths_
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[_user_@]_machine_[:_port_] _paths_
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# Description
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`nix-copy-closure` gives you an easy and efficient way to exchange
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software between machines. Given one or more Nix store _paths_ on the
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local machine, `nix-copy-closure` computes the closure of those paths
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(i.e. all their dependencies in the Nix store), and copies all paths
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in the closure to the remote machine via the `ssh` (Secure Shell)
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command. With the `--from` option, the direction is reversed: the
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closure of _paths_ on a remote machine is copied to the Nix store on
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the local machine.
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Given _paths_ from one machine, `nix-copy-closure` computes the [closure](@docroot@/glossary.md#gloss-closure) of those paths (i.e. all their dependencies in the Nix store), and copies [store objects](@docroot@/glossary.md#gloss-store-object) in that closure to another machine via SSH.
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It doesn’t copy store objects that are already present on the other machine.
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This command is efficient because it only sends the store paths
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that are missing on the target machine.
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> **Note**
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>
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> While the Nix store to use on the local machine can be specified on the command line with the [`--store`](@docroot@/command-ref/conf-file.md#conf-store) option, the Nix store to be accessed on the remote machine can only be [configured statically](@docroot@/command-ref/conf-file.md#configuration-file) on that remote machine.
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Since `nix-copy-closure` calls `ssh`, you may be asked to type in the
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appropriate password or passphrase. In fact, you may be asked _twice_
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because `nix-copy-closure` currently connects twice to the remote
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machine, first to get the set of paths missing on the target machine,
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and second to send the dump of those paths. When using public key
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authentication, you can avoid typing the passphrase with `ssh-agent`.
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Since `nix-copy-closure` calls `ssh`, you may need to authenticate with the remote machine.
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In fact, you may be asked for authentication _twice_ because `nix-copy-closure` currently connects twice to the remote machine: first to get the set of paths missing on the target machine, and second to send the dump of those paths.
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When using public key authentication, you can avoid typing the passphrase with `ssh-agent`.
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# Options
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- `--to`\
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Copy the closure of _paths_ from the local Nix store to the Nix
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store on _machine_. This is the default.
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- `--to`
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- `--from`\
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Copy the closure of _paths_ from the Nix store on _machine_ to the
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local Nix store.
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Copy the closure of _paths_ from a Nix store accessible from the local machine to the Nix store on the remote _machine_.
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This is the default behavior.
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- `--from`
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Copy the closure of _paths_ from the Nix store on the remote _machine_ to the local machine's specified Nix store.
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- `--gzip`
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- `--gzip`\
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Enable compression of the SSH connection.
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- `--include-outputs`\
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- `--include-outputs`
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Also copy the outputs of [store derivation]s included in the closure.
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[store derivation]: @docroot@/glossary.md#gloss-store-derivation
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- `--use-substitutes` / `-s`\
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Attempt to download missing paths on the target machine using Nix’s
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substitute mechanism. Any paths that cannot be substituted on the
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target are still copied normally from the source. This is useful,
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for instance, if the connection between the source and target
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machine is slow, but the connection between the target machine and
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`nixos.org` (the default binary cache server) is
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fast.
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- `--use-substitutes` / `-s`
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- `-v`\
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Show verbose output.
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Attempt to download missing store objects on the target from [substituters](@docroot@/command-ref/conf-file.md#conf-substituters).
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Any store objects that cannot be substituted on the target are still copied normally from the source.
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This is useful, for instance, if the connection between the source and target machine is slow, but the connection between the target machine and `cache.nixos.org` (the default binary cache server) is fast.
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{{#include ./opt-common.md}}
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# Environment variables
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- `NIX_SSHOPTS`\
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Additional options to be passed to `ssh` on the command
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line.
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- `NIX_SSHOPTS`
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Additional options to be passed to `ssh` on the command line.
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{{#include ./env-common.md}}
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