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<chapter id='chap-installation'> <chapter id='chap-installation'><title>Installation</title>
<title>Installation</title>
<sect1>
<title>Obtaining Nix</title>
<para> <sect1><title>Obtaining Nix</title>
The easiest way to obtain Nix is to download a <ulink
url='http://www.cs.uu.nl/groups/ST/Trace/Nix'>source
distribution</ulink>. RPMs for SuSE and Red Hat are also
available. These distributions are generated automatically.
</para>
<para> <para>The easiest way to obtain Nix is to download a <ulink
Alternatively, the most recent sources of Nix can be obtained from its url='http://www.cs.uu.nl/groups/ST/Trace/Nix'>source
<ulink url='https://svn.cs.uu.nl:12443/repos/trace/nix/trunk'>Subversion distribution</ulink>. RPMs for Red Hat 9 are also available. These
repository</ulink>. For example, the following command will check out distributions are generated automatically.</para>
the latest revision into a directory called <filename>nix</filename>:
</para>
<screen> <para>Alternatively, the most recent sources of Nix can be obtained
from its <ulink
url='https://svn.cs.uu.nl:12443/repos/trace/nix/trunk'>Subversion
repository</ulink>. For example, the following command will check out
the latest revision into a directory called <filename>nix</filename>:</para>
<screen>
$ svn checkout https://svn.cs.uu.nl:12443/repos/trace/nix/trunk nix</screen> $ svn checkout https://svn.cs.uu.nl:12443/repos/trace/nix/trunk nix</screen>
<para> <para>Likewise, specific releases can be obtained from the <ulink
Likewise, specific releases can be obtained from the <ulink url='https://svn.cs.uu.nl:12443/repos/trace/nix/tags'>tags
url='https://svn.cs.uu.nl:12443/repos/trace/nix/tags'>tags directory</ulink> of the repository. If you don't have Subversion,
directory</ulink> of the repository. If you don't have Subversion, you you can also download an automatically generated <ulink
can also download an automatically generated <ulink url='https://svn.cs.uu.nl:12443/dist/trace/'>compressed
url='https://svn.cs.uu.nl:12443/dist/trace/'>compressed tar-file</ulink> of the head revision of the trunk.</para>
tar-file</ulink> of the head revision of the trunk.
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Prerequisites</title>
<para>The following prerequisites only apply when you build from
source. Binary releases (e.g., RPMs) have no prerequisites.</para>
<para>A fairly recent version of GCC/G++ is required. Version 2.95
and higher should work.</para>
<para>To build this manual and the man-pages you need the
<command>xmllint</command> and <command>xsltproc</command> programs,
which are part of the <literal>libxml2</literal> and
<literal>libxslt</literal> packages, respectively. You also need the
<ulink url='http://docbook.sourceforge.net/projects/xsl/'>DocBook XSL
stylesheets</ulink> and optionally the <ulink
url='http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbook-xml-4.2.zip'>
DocBook XML 4.2 DTD</ulink>. Note that these are only required if you
modify the manual sources or when you are building from the Subversion
repository.</para>
<para>To build the parser, very <emphasis>recent</emphasis> versions
of Bison and Flex are required. (This is because Nix needs GLR
support in Bison and reentrancy support in Flex.) For Bison, you need
version 1.875c or higher (1.875 does <emphasis>not</emphasis> work),
which can be obtained from the <ulink
url='ftp://alpha.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bison'>GNU FTP server</ulink>. For
Flex, you need version 2.5.31, which is available on <ulink
url='http://lex.sourceforge.net/'>SourceForge</ulink>. Slightly older
versions may also work, but ancient versions like the ubiquitous
2.5.4a won't. Note that these are only required if you modify the
parser or when you are building from the Subversion repository.</para>
<para>Nix uses Sleepycat's Berkeley DB and CWI's ATerm library. These
are included in the Nix source distribution. If you build from the
Subversion repository, you must download them yourself and place them
in the <filename>externals/</filename> directory. See
<filename>externals/Makefile.am</filename> for the precise URLs of
these packages.</para>
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Building Nix from source</title>
<para>After unpacking or checking out the Nix sources, issue the
following commands:
</para> </para>
</sect1> <screen>
<sect1>
<title>Prerequisites</title>
<para>
The following prerequisites only apply when you build from
source. Binary releases (e.g., RPMs) have no prerequisites.
</para>
<para>
A fairly recent version of GCC/G++ is required. Version 2.95
and higher should work.
</para>
<para>
To build this manual and the man-pages you need the
<command>xmllint</command> and <command>xsltproc</command>
programs, which are part of the <literal>libxml2</literal> and
<literal>libxslt</literal> packages, respectively. You also
need the <ulink
url='http://docbook.sourceforge.net/projects/xsl/'>DocBook XSL
stylesheets</ulink> and optionally the <ulink
url='http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbook-xml-4.2.zip'>
DocBook XML 4.2 DTD</ulink>. Note that these are only required
if you modify the manual sources or when you are building from
the Subversion repository.
</para>
<para>
To build the parser, very <emphasis>recent</emphasis> versions
of Bison and Flex are required. (This is because Nix needs GLR
support in Bison and reentrancy support in Flex.) For Bison,
you need version 1.875c or higher (1.875 does
<emphasis>not</emphasis> work), which can be obtained from the
<ulink url='ftp://alpha.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bison'>GNU FTP
server</ulink>. For Flex, you need version 2.5.31, which is
available on <ulink
url='http://lex.sourceforge.net/'>SourceForge</ulink>. Slightly
older versions may also work, but ancient versions like the
ubiquitous 2.5.4a won't. Note that these are only required if
you modify the parser or when you are building from the
Subversion repository.
</para>
<para>
Nix uses Sleepycat's Berkeley DB and CWI's ATerm library. These
are included in the Nix source distribution. If you build from
the Subversion repository, you must download them yourself and
place them in the <filename>externals/</filename> directory.
See <filename>externals/Makefile.am</filename> for the precise
URLs of these packages.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<title>Building Nix from source</title>
<para>
After unpacking or checking out the Nix sources, issue the following
commands:
</para>
<screen>
$ ./configure <replaceable>options...</replaceable> $ ./configure <replaceable>options...</replaceable>
$ make $ make
$ make install</screen> $ make install</screen>
<para> <para>When building from the Subversion repository, these should be
When building from the Subversion repository, these should be preceded by preceded by the command:
the command:
</para> </para>
<screen> <screen>
$ autoreconf -i</screen> $ autoreconf -i</screen>
<para> <para>The installation path can be specified by passing the
The installation path can be specified by passing the <option>--prefix=<replaceable>prefix</replaceable></option> to
<option>--prefix=<replaceable>prefix</replaceable></option> to <command>configure</command>. The default installation directory is
<command>configure</command>. The default installation directory is <filename>/nix</filename>. You can change this to any location you
<filename>/nix</filename>. You can change this to any location you like. like. You must have write permission to the
You must have write permission to the <replaceable>prefix</replaceable> <replaceable>prefix</replaceable> path.
path.
</para> </para>
<warning> <warning><para>It is advisable <emphasis>not</emphasis> to change the
<para> installation prefix from its default, since doing so will in all
It is advisable <emphasis>not</emphasis> to change the installation likelihood make it impossible to use derivations built on other
prefix from its default, since doing so will in all likelihood make it systems.</para></warning>
impossible to use derivations built on other systems.
</para>
</warning>
<para> <para>If you want to rebuilt the documentation, pass the full path to
If you want to rebuilt the documentation, pass the full path to the the DocBook XML catalog file (<filename>docbook.cat</filename>) and to
DocBook XML catalog file (<filename>docbook.cat</filename>) and to the the DocBook XSL stylesheets using the
DocBook XSL stylesheets using the <option>--with-docbook-catalog=<replaceable>path</replaceable></option>
<option>--with-docbook-catalog=<replaceable>path</replaceable></option> and
and <option>--with-docbook-xsl=<replaceable>path</replaceable></option> <option>--with-docbook-xsl=<replaceable>path</replaceable></option>
options. options.</para>
</para>
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect1> <sect1><title>Installing from RPMs</title>
<title>Installing from RPMs</title>
<para> <para>RPM packages of Nix can be downloaded from <ulink
RPM packages of Nix can be downloaded from <ulink url='http://www.cs.uu.nl/groups/ST/Trace/Nix' />. These RPMs should
url='http://www.cs.uu.nl/groups/ST/Trace/Nix' />. These RPMs work for most fairly recent releases of SuSE and Red Hat Linux. They
should work for most fairly recent releases of SuSE and Red Hat have been known to work work on SuSE Linux 8.1 and 9.0, and Red Hat
Linux. They have been known to work work on SuSE Linux 8.1 and 9.0. In fact, it should work on any RPM-based Linux distribution
9.0, and Red Hat 9.0. In fact, it should work on any RPM-based based on <literal>glibc</literal> 2.3 or later.</para>
Linux distribution based on <literal>glibc</literal> 2.3 or
later.
</para>
<para> <para>Once downloaded, the RPMs can be installed or upgraded using
Once downloaded, the RPMs can be installed or upgraded using <command>rpm -U</command>. For example,</para>
<command>rpm -U</command>. For example,
</para>
<screen> <screen>
rpm -U nix-0.5pre664-1.i386.rpm</screen> rpm -U nix-0.5pre664-1.i386.rpm</screen>
<para> <para>The RPMs install into the directory <filename>/nix</filename>.
The RPMs install into the directory <filename>/nix</filename>. Nix can be uninstalled using <command>rpm -e nix</command>. After
Nix can be uninstalled using <command>rpm -e nix</command>. this it will be necessary to manually remove the Nix store and other
After this it will be necessary to manually remove the Nix store auxiliary data:</para>
and other auxiliary data:
</para>
<screen> <screen>
rm -rf /nix/store rm -rf /nix/store
rm -rf /nix/var</screen> rm -rf /nix/var</screen>
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect1>
<title>Permissions</title>
<para> <sect1><title>Permissions</title>
All Nix operations must be performed under the user ID that owns
the Nix store and database
(<filename><replaceable>prefix</replaceable>/store</filename>
and
<filename><replaceable>prefix</replaceable>/var/nix/db</filename>,
respectively). When installed from the RPM packages, these
directories are owned by <systemitem
class='username'>root</systemitem>.
</para>
</sect1> <para>All Nix operations must be performed under the user ID that owns
the Nix store and database
(<filename><replaceable>prefix</replaceable>/store</filename> and
<filename><replaceable>prefix</replaceable>/var/nix/db</filename>,
respectively). When installed from the RPM packages, these
directories are owned by <systemitem
class='username'>root</systemitem>.</para>
<sect1> </sect1>
<title>Using Nix</title>
<para>
To use Nix, some environment variables should be set. In
particular, <envar>PATH</envar> should contain the directories
<filename><replaceable>prefix</replaceable>/bin</filename> and
<filename>~/.nix-profile/bin</filename>. The first directory
contains the Nix tools themselves, while
<filename>~/.nix-profile</filename> is a symbolic link to the
current <emphasis>user environment</emphasis> (an automatically
generated package consisting of symlinks to installed packages).
The simplest way to set the required environment variables is to
include the file
<filename><replaceable>prefix</replaceable>/etc/profile.d/nix.sh</filename>
in your <filename>~/.bashrc</filename> (or similar), like this:
</para>
<screen> <sect1><title>Using Nix</title>
<para>To use Nix, some environment variables should be set. In
particular, <envar>PATH</envar> should contain the directories
<filename><replaceable>prefix</replaceable>/bin</filename> and
<filename>~/.nix-profile/bin</filename>. The first directory contains
the Nix tools themselves, while <filename>~/.nix-profile</filename> is
a symbolic link to the current <emphasis>user environment</emphasis>
(an automatically generated package consisting of symlinks to
installed packages). The simplest way to set the required environment
variables is to include the file
<filename><replaceable>prefix</replaceable>/etc/profile.d/nix.sh</filename>
in your <filename>~/.bashrc</filename> (or similar), like this:</para>
<screen>
. <replaceable>prefix</replaceable>/etc/profile.d/nix.sh</screen> . <replaceable>prefix</replaceable>/etc/profile.d/nix.sh</screen>
</sect1> </sect1>
</chapter> </chapter>