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Nix 1.9 release notes
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Eelco Dolstra
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</partintro>
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-->
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<xi:include href="rl-1.9.xml" />
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<xi:include href="rl-1.8.xml" />
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<xi:include href="rl-1.7.xml" />
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<xi:include href="rl-1.6.1.xml" />
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216
doc/manual/release-notes/rl-1.9.xml
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doc/manual/release-notes/rl-1.9.xml
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<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="ssec-relnotes-1.9">
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<title>Release 1.9 (June 2, 2015)</title>
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<para>In addition to the usual bug fixes, this release has the
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following new features:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Signed binary cache support. You can enable signature
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checking by adding the following to <filename>nix.conf</filename>:
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<programlisting>
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signed-binary-caches = *
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binary-cache-public-keys = cache.nixos.org-1:6NCHdD59X431o0gWypbMrAURkbJ16ZPMQFGspcDShjY=
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</programlisting>
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This will prevent Nix from downloading any binary from the cache
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that is not signed by one of the keys listed in
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<option>binary-cache-public-keys</option>.</para>
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<para>Signature checking is only supported if you build Nix with
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the <literal>libsodium</literal> package.</para>
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<para>Nix has had experimental support for signed binary caches
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since version 1.7, but this release changes the signature format
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in a backwards-incompatible way.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Automatic downloading of Nix expression tarballs. In various
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places, you can now specify the URL of a tarball containing Nix
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expressions (such as Nixpkgs), which will be downloaded and
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unpacked automatically. For example:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>In <command>nix-env</command>:
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<screen>
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$ nix-env -f https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs-channels/archive/nixos-14.12.tar.gz -iA firefox
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</screen>
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This installs Firefox from the latest tested and built revision
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of the NixOS 14.12 channel.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>In <command>nix-build</command> and
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<command>nix-shell</command>:
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<screen>
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$ nix-build https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/master.tar.gz -A hello
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</screen>
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This builds GNU Hello from the latest revision of the Nixpkgs
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master branch.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>In the Nix search path (as specified via
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<envar>NIX_PATH</envar> or <option>-I</option>). For example, to
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start a shell containing the Pan package from a specific version
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of Nixpkgs:
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<screen>
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$ nix-shell -p pan -I nixpkgs=https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs-channels/archive/8a3eea054838b55aca962c3fbde9c83c102b8bf2.tar.gz
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</screen>
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>In <command>nixos-rebuild</command> (on NixOS):
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<screen>
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$ nixos-rebuild test -I nixpkgs=nixpkgs=https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs-channels/archive/nixos-unstable.tar.gz
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</screen>
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>In Nix expressions, via the new builtin function <function>fetchTarball</function>:
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<programlisting>
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with import (fetchTarball https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs-channels/archive/nixos-14.12.tar.gz) {}; …
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</programlisting>
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(This is not allowed in restricted mode.)</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para><command>nix-shell</command> improvements:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para><command>nix-shell</command> now has a flag
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<option>--run</option> to execute a command in the
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<command>nix-shell</command> environment,
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e.g. <literal>nix-shell --command make</literal>. This is like
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the existing <option>--command</option> flag, except that it
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uses a non-interactive shell (ensuring that hitting Ctrl-C won’t
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drop you into the child shell).</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><command>nix-shell</command> can now be used as
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a <literal>#!</literal>-interpreter. This allows you to write
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scripts that dynamically fetch their own dependencies. For
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example, here is a Haskell script that, when invoked, first
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downloads GHC and the Haskell packages on which it depends:
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<programlisting>
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#! /usr/bin/env nix-shell
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#! nix-shell -i runghc -p haskellPackages.ghc haskellPackages.HTTP
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import Network.HTTP
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main = do
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resp <- Network.HTTP.simpleHTTP (getRequest "http://nixos.org/")
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body <- getResponseBody resp
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print (take 100 body)
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</programlisting>
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Of course, the dependencies are cached in the Nix store, so the
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second invocation of this script will be much
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faster.</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Chroot improvements:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>Chroot builds are now supported on Mac OS X
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(using its sandbox mechanism).</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>If chroots are enabled, they are now used for
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all derivations, including fixed-output derivations (such as
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<function>fetchurl</function>); however the latter do have
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network access. Thus the latter can no longer access the host
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filesystem. If you need the old behaviour, you can set the
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option <option>build-use-chroot</option> to
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<literal>relaxed</literal>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>On Linux, if chroots are enabled, builds are
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performed in a private PID namespace once again. (This
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functionality was lost in Nix 1.8.)</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Store paths listed in
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<option>build-chroot-dirs</option> are now automatically
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expanded to their closure. For instance, if you want
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<filename>/nix/store/…-bash/bin/sh</filename>> mounted in your
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chroot as <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, you only need to say
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<literal>build-chroot-dirs =
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/bin/sh=/nix/store/…-bash/bin/sh</literal>; it is no longer
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necessary to specify the dependencies of Bash.</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>The new derivation attribute
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<varname>passAsFile</varname> allows you to specify that the
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contents of derivation attributes should be passed via files rather
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than environment variables. This is useful if you need to pass very
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long strings that exceed the size limit of the environment. The
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Nixpkgs function <function>writeTextFile</function> uses
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this.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>You can now use <literal>~</literal> in Nix file
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names to refer to your home directory, e.g. <literal>import
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~/.nixpkgs/config.nix</literal>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Nix has a new option <option>restrict-eval</option>
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that allows limiting what paths the Nix evaluator has access to. By
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passing <literal>--option restrict-eval true</literal> to Nix, the
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evaluator will throw an exception if an attempt is made to access
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any file outside of the Nix search path. This is primarily intended
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for Hydra to ensure that a Hydra jobset only refers to its declared
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inputs (and is therefore reproducible).</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><command>nix-env</command> now only created a new
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“generation” symlink in <filename>/nix/var/nix/profiles</filename>
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if something actually changed.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>The environment variable <envar>NIX_PAGER</envar>
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can now be set to override <envar>PAGER</envar>. You can set it to
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<literal>cat</literal> to disable paging for Nix commands
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only.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Failing <literal><...></literal>
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lookups now show position information.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Improved Boehm GC use: we disabled scanning for
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interior pointers, which should reduce the <literal>Repeated
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allocation of very large block</literal> warnings and associated
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retention of memory.</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>This release has contributions from aszlig, Benjamin Staffin,
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Charles Strahan, Christian Theune, Daniel Hahler, Danylo Hlynskyi
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Daniel Peebles, Dan Peebles, Domen Kožar, Eelco Dolstra, Harald van
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Dijk, Hoang Xuan Phu, Jaka Hudoklin, Jeff Ramnani, j-keck, Linquize,
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Luca Bruno, Michael Merickel, Oliver Dunkl, Rob Vermaas, Rok Garbas,
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Shea Levy, Tobias Geerinckx-Rice and William A. Kennington III.</para>
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</section>
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