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Document tarball downloading
This commit is contained in:
Eelco Dolstra
parent
c1323b53e3
commit
da196ec68f
6 changed files with 171 additions and 15 deletions
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@ -36,8 +36,20 @@ nixpkgs=/home/eelco/Dev/nixpkgs-branch:/etc/nixos</screen>
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<literal><nixpkgs/<replaceable>path</replaceable>></literal> in
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<filename>/home/eelco/Dev/nixpkgs-branch/<replaceable>path</replaceable></filename>
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and
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<filename>/etc/nixos/nixpkgs/<replaceable>path</replaceable></filename>.
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</para>
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<filename>/etc/nixos/nixpkgs/<replaceable>path</replaceable></filename>.</para>
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<para>If a path in the Nix search path starts with
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<literal>http://</literal> or <literal>https://</literal>, it is
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interpreted as the URL of a tarball that will be downloaded and
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unpacked to a temporary location. The tarball must consist of a
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single top-level directory. For example, setting
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<envar>NIX_PATH</envar> to
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<screen>
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nixpkgs=https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs-channels/archive/nixos-14.12.tar.gz</screen>
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tells Nix to download the latest revision in the Nixpkgs/NixOS
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14.12 channel.</para>
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<para>The search path can be extended using the <option
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linkend="opt-I">-I</option> option, which takes precedence over
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@ -58,6 +58,13 @@ and so on).</para>
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<command>nix-build</command> will use <filename>default.nix</filename>
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in the current directory, if it exists.</para>
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<para>If an element of <replaceable>paths</replaceable> starts with
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<literal>http://</literal> or <literal>https://</literal>, it is
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interpreted as the URL of a tarball that will be downloaded and
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unpacked to a temporary location. The tarball must include a single
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top-level directory containing at least a file named
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<filename>default.nix</filename>.</para>
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<para><command>nix-build</command> is essentially a wrapper around
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<link
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linkend="sec-nix-instantiate"><command>nix-instantiate</command></link>
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@ -175,6 +182,15 @@ bar
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</para>
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<para>Build the GNU Hello package from the latest revision of the
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master branch of Nixpkgs:
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<screen>
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$ nix-build https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/master.tar.gz -A hello
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</screen>
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</para>
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</refsection>
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@ -154,7 +154,15 @@ also <xref linkend="sec-common-options" />.</phrase></para>
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<option>--install</option>, <option>--upgrade</option>, and
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<option>--query --available</option> operations to obtain
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derivations. The default is
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<filename>~/.nix-defexpr</filename>.</para></listitem>
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<filename>~/.nix-defexpr</filename>.</para>
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<para>If the argument starts with <literal>http://</literal> or
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<literal>https://</literal>, it is interpreted as the URL of a
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tarball that will be downloaded and unpacked to a temporary
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location. The tarball must include a single top-level directory
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containing at least a file named <filename>default.nix</filename>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -496,6 +504,18 @@ the following paths will be substituted:
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</para>
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<para>To install Firefox from the latest revision in the Nixpkgs/NixOS
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14.12 channel:
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<screen>
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$ nix-env -f https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs-channels/archive/nixos-14.12.tar.gz -iA firefox
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</screen>
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(The GitHub repository <literal>nixpkgs-channels</literal> is updated
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automatically from the main <literal>nixpkgs</literal> repository
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after certain tests have succeeded and binaries have been built and
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uploaded to the binary cache at <uri>cache.nixos.org</uri>.)</para>
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</refsection>
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</refsection>
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@ -1129,54 +1149,103 @@ user environment elements, etc. -->
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<refsection><title>Examples</title>
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<para>To show installed packages:
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<screen>
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$ nix-env -q <lineannotation>(show installed derivations)</lineannotation>
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$ nix-env -q
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bison-1.875c
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docbook-xml-4.2
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firefox-1.0.4
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MPlayer-1.0pre7
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ORBit2-2.8.3
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...
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<replaceable>…</replaceable>
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</screen>
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$ nix-env -qa <lineannotation>(show available derivations)</lineannotation>
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</para>
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<para>To show available packages:
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<screen>
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$ nix-env -qa
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firefox-1.0.7
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GConf-2.4.0.1
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MPlayer-1.0pre7
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ORBit2-2.8.3
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...
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<replaceable>…</replaceable>
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</screen>
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$ nix-env -qas <lineannotation>(show status of available derivations)</lineannotation>
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</para>
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<para>To show the status of available packages:
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<screen>
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$ nix-env -qas
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-P- firefox-1.0.7 <lineannotation>(not installed but present)</lineannotation>
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--S GConf-2.4.0.1 <lineannotation>(not present, but there is a substitute for fast installation)</lineannotation>
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--S MPlayer-1.0pre3 <lineannotation>(i.e., this is not the installed MPlayer, even though the version is the same!)</lineannotation>
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IP- ORBit2-2.8.3 <lineannotation>(installed and by definition present)</lineannotation>
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...
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<replaceable>…</replaceable>
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</screen>
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<lineannotation>(show available derivations in the Nix expression <!-- !!! <filename>-->foo.nix<!-- </filename> -->)</lineannotation>
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</para>
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<para>To show available packages in the Nix expression <filename>foo.nix</filename>:
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<screen>
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$ nix-env -f ./foo.nix -qa
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foo-1.2.3
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</screen>
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$ nix-env -qc <lineannotation>(compare installed versions to what’s available)</lineannotation>
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</para>
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<para>To compare installed versions to what’s available:
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<screen>
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$ nix-env -qc
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<replaceable>...</replaceable>
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acrobat-reader-7.0 - ? <lineannotation>(package is not available at all)</lineannotation>
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autoconf-2.59 = 2.59 <lineannotation>(same version)</lineannotation>
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firefox-1.0.4 < 1.0.7 <lineannotation>(a more recent version is available)</lineannotation>
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<replaceable>...</replaceable>
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</screen>
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$ nix-env -qa '.*zip.*' <lineannotation>(show all packages with “zip” in the name)</lineannotation>
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</para>
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<para>To show all packages with “<literal>zip</literal>” in the name:
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<screen>
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$ nix-env -qa '.*zip.*'
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bzip2-1.0.6
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gzip-1.6
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zip-3.0
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<replaceable>...</replaceable>
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<replaceable>…</replaceable>
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</screen>
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$ nix-env -qa '.*(firefox|chromium).*' <lineannotation>(show all packages with “firefox” or “chromium” in the name)</lineannotation>
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</para>
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<para>To show all packages with “<literal>firefox</literal>” or
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“<literal>chromium</literal>” in the name:
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<screen>
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$ nix-env -qa '.*(firefox|chromium).*'
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chromium-37.0.2062.94
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chromium-beta-38.0.2125.24
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firefox-32.0.3
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firefox-with-plugins-13.0.1
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<replaceable>...</replaceable>
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<replaceable>…</replaceable>
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</screen>
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</para>
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<para>To show all packages in the latest revision of the Nixpkgs
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repository:
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<screen>
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$ nix-env -f https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/master.tar.gz -qa
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</screen>
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</para>
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</refsection>
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</refsection>
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@ -61,6 +61,13 @@ derivation for development.</para>
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<filename>shell.nix</filename> if it exists, and
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<filename>default.nix</filename> otherwise.</para>
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<para>If <replaceable>path</replaceable> starts with
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<literal>http://</literal> or <literal>https://</literal>, it is
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interpreted as the URL of a tarball that will be downloaded and
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unpacked to a temporary location. The tarball must include a single
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top-level directory containing at least a file named
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<filename>default.nix</filename>.</para>
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<para>If the derivation defines the variable
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<varname>shellHook</varname>, it will be evaluated after
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<literal>$stdenv/setup</literal> has been sourced. Since this hook is
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@ -207,6 +214,18 @@ $ nix-shell -p sqlite xorg.libX11
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… -L/nix/store/j1zg5v…-sqlite-3.8.0.2/lib -L/nix/store/0gmcz9…-libX11-1.6.1/lib …
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</screen>
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The <command>-p</command> flag looks up Nixpkgs in the Nix search
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path. You can override it by passing <option>-I</option> or setting
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<envar>NIX_PATH</envar>. For example, the following gives you a shell
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containing the Pan package from a specific revision of Nixpkgs:
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<screen>
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$ nix-shell -p pan -I nixpkgs=https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs-channels/archive/8a3eea054838b55aca962c3fbde9c83c102b8bf2.tar.gz
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[nix-shell:~]$ pan --version
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Pan 0.139
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</screen>
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</para>
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</refsection>
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@ -211,6 +211,45 @@ if builtins ? getEnv then builtins.getEnv "PATH" else ""</programlisting>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><function>builtins.fetchurl</function>
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<replaceable>url</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>Download the specified URL and return the path of
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the downloaded file. This function is not available if <link
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linkend="conf-restrict-eval">restricted evaluation mode</link> is
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enabled.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><function>fetchTarball</function>
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<replaceable>url</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>Download the specified URL, unpack it and return
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the path of the unpacked tree. The file must be a tape archive
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(<filename>.tar</filename>) compressed with
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<literal>gzip</literal>, <literal>bzip2</literal> or
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<literal>xz</literal>. The top-level path component of the files
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in the tarball is removed, so it is best if the tarball contains a
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single directory at top level. The typical use of the function is
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to obtain external Nix expression dependencies, such as a
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particular version of Nixpkgs, e.g.
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<programlisting>
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with import (fetchTarball https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs-channels/archive/nixos-14.12.tar.gz) {};
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stdenv.mkDerivation { … }
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>This function is not available if <link
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linkend="conf-restrict-eval">restricted evaluation mode</link> is
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enabled.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><function>builtins.filter</function>
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<replaceable>f</replaceable> <replaceable>xs</replaceable></term>
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@ -212,6 +212,7 @@ Path downloadFileCached(const string & url, bool unpack)
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printMsg(lvlInfo, format("unpacking ‘%1%’...") % url);
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Path tmpDir = createTempDir();
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AutoDelete autoDelete(tmpDir, true);
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// FIXME: this requires GNU tar for decompression.
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runProgram("tar", true, {"xf", storePath, "-C", tmpDir, "--strip-components", "1"}, "");
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unpackedStorePath = store->addToStore(name, tmpDir, true, htSHA256, defaultPathFilter, false);
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}
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