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112 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
112 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
# Name
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`nix-channel` - manage Nix channels
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# Synopsis
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`nix-channel` {`--add` url [*name*] | `--remove` *name* | `--list` | `--update` [*names…*] | `--list-generations` | `--rollback` [*generation*] }
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# Description
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Channels are a mechanism for referencing remote Nix expressions and conveniently retrieving their latest version.
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The moving parts of channels are:
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- The official channels listed at <https://nixos.org/channels>
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- The user-specific list of [subscribed channels](#subscribed-channels)
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- The [downloaded channel contents](#channels)
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- The [Nix expression search path](@docroot@/command-ref/conf-file.md#conf-nix-path), set with the [`-I` option](#opt-i) or the [`NIX_PATH` environment variable](#env-NIX_PATH)
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> **Note**
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>
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> The state of a subscribed channel is external to the Nix expressions relying on it.
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> This may limit reproducibility.
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>
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> Dependencies on other Nix expressions can be declared explicitly with:
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> - [`fetchurl`](@docroot@/language/builtins.md#builtins-fetchurl), [`fetchTarball`](@docroot@/language/builtins.md#builtins-fetchTarball), or [`fetchGit`](@docroot@/language/builtins.md#builtins-fetchGit) in Nix expressions
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> - the [`-I` option](@docroot@/command-ref/opt-common.md#opt-I) in command line invocations
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This command has the following operations:
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- `--add` *url* \[*name*\]
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Add a channel *name* located at *url* to the list of subscribed channels.
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If *name* is omitted, default to the last component of *url*, with the suffixes `-stable` or `-unstable` removed.
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> **Note**
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>
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> `--add` does not automatically perform an update.
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> Use `--update` explicitly.
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A channel URL must point to a directory containing a file `nixexprs.tar.gz`.
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At the top level, that tarball must contain a single directory with a `default.nix` file that serves as the channel’s entry point.
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- `--remove` *name*
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Remove the channel *name* from the list of subscribed channels.
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- `--list`
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Print the names and URLs of all subscribed channels on standard output.
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- `--update` \[*names*…\]
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Download the Nix expressions of subscribed channels and create a new generation.
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Update all channels if none is specified, and only those included in *names* otherwise.
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- `--list-generations`
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Prints a list of all the current existing generations for the
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channel profile.
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Works the same way as
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```
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nix-env --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/$USER/channels --list-generations
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```
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- `--rollback` \[*generation*\]
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Revert channels to the state before the last call to `nix-channel --update`.
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Optionally, you can specify a specific channel *generation* number to restore.
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{{#include ./opt-common.md}}
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{{#include ./env-common.md}}
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# Files
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`nix-channel` operates on the following files.
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{{#include ./files/channels.md}}
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# Examples
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Subscribe to the Nixpkgs channel and run `hello` from the GNU Hello package:
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```console
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$ nix-channel --add https://nixos.org/channels/nixpkgs-unstable
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$ nix-channel --list
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nixpkgs https://nixos.org/channels/nixpkgs
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$ nix-channel --update
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$ nix-shell -p hello --run hello
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hello
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```
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Revert channel updates using `--rollback`:
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```console
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$ nix-instantiate --eval '<nixpkgs>' --attr lib.version
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"22.11pre296212.530a53dcbc9"
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$ nix-channel --rollback
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switching from generation 483 to 482
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$ nix-instantiate --eval '<nixpkgs>' --attr lib.version
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"22.11pre281526.d0419badfad"
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```
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Remove a channel:
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```console
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$ nix-channel --remove nixpkgs
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$ nix-channel --list
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```
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